Abstract The ability to reuse boron and minimize the volume of radioactive waste could be accomplished with modified reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. RO membranes were fabricated via polyethylenimine (PEI) grafting to separate silicon and radionuclides from boron-containing radioactive wastewater. The positively charged RO membrane promoted more efficient removal of nuclides and silicon while the rejection of boron declined from 55.88% to 41.71% after modification. Compared with virgin RO membrane, the SFB-Si, SFB-Cs, and SFB-Co of the modified RO membranes increased from 6.02, 5.16, and 12.62 to 29.52, 61.91, and 547.15, respectively. SFB-Si, SFB-Cs, and SFB-Co of the simulated RO system with modified RO membranes further increased to 156.96, 1068.12, and 83617.88, respectively. As a result, permeate water with 433.92 mg L-1 boron, 0.04 mg L-1 silicon, 1.62 μg·L−1 Cs(I), and 0.02 μg·L−1 Co(II) was obtained, which could satisfy radionuclide treatment requirements and allow for the reuse of boron. Overall, modified RO membranes would be able to reuse boron and minimize the volume of discharge of radioactive wastewater.

中文翻译：

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用改进的反渗透膜分离含硼放射性废水中的放射性核素和硅

摘要 改进的反渗透 (RO) 膜可以实现硼再利用和放射性废物量最小化的能力。RO 膜是通过聚乙烯亚胺 (PEI) 接枝制造的，以从含硼放射性废水中分离硅和放射性核素。带正电荷的 RO 膜促进了更有效的核素和硅去除，而硼的截留率在改性后从 55.88% 下降到 41.71%。与原始 RO 膜相比，改性 RO 膜的 SFB-Si、SFB-Cs 和 SFB-Co 分别从 6.02、5.16 和 12.62 增加到 29.52、61.91 和 547.15。带有改性 RO 膜的模拟 RO 系统的 SFB-Si、SFB-Cs 和 SFB-Co 分别进一步增加到 156.96、1068.12 和 83617.88。结果，渗透水中含有 433.92 mg L-1 硼，0. 获得04 mg L-1硅、1.62 μg·L-1 Cs(I)和0.02 μg·L-1 Co(II)，满足放射性核素处理要求，并允许硼的再利用。总的来说，改良的反渗透膜将能够再利用硼并最大限度地减少放射性废水的排放量。