Despite the widespread use in various industries, enzyme's instability and non-reusability limit their applications which can be overcome by immobilization. The nature of the enzyme's support material and method of immobilization affect activity, stability, and kinetics properties of enzymes. Here, we report a comparative study of the effects of inorganic support materials on immobilized enzymes. Accordingly, immobilization of enzymes on nanoinorganic support materials significantly improved thermal and pH stability. Furthermore, immobilizations of enzymes on the materials mainly increased K_m values while decreased the V_max values of enzymes. Immobilized enzymes on nanoinorganic support materials showed the increase in ΔG value, and decrease in both ΔH and ΔS values. In contrast to weak physical adsorption immobilization, covalently-bound and multipoint-attached immobilized enzymes do not release from the support surface to contaminate the product and thus the cost is decreased while the product quality is increased. Nevertheless, nanomaterials can enter the environment and increase health and environmental risks and should be used cautiously. Altogether, it can be predicated that hybrid support materials, directed immobilization methods, site-directed mutagenesis, recombinant fusion protein technology and green nanomaterials and trailor-made supports will be used increasingly to produce more efficient immobilized industrial enzymes in near future.

尽管在各种行业中广泛使用，但是酶的不稳定性和不可重复使用性限制了它们的应用，可以通过固定化来克服。酶支持材料的性质和固定方法会影响酶的活性，稳定性和动力学性质。在这里，我们报告了无机载体材料对固定化酶的影响的比较研究。因此，将酶固定在纳米无机载体材料上显着改善了热和pH稳定性。此外，将酶固定在材料上主要增加了K _m值，而减小了V _max酶的价值。固定在纳米无机载体材料上的酶显示出ΔG值增加，而ΔH和ΔS值均降低。与弱的物理吸附固定相反，共价结合和多点连接的固定酶不会从载体表面释放而污染产品，因此降低了成本，同时提高了产品质量。尽管如此，纳米材料仍会进入环境并增加健康和环境风险，因此应谨慎使用。总的来说，可以预见的是，在不久的将来，杂种支持材料，定向固定方法，定点诱变，重组融合蛋白技术和绿色纳米材料以及预制成的支持物将越来越多地用于生产更有效的固定化工业酶。