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Exogenic production of bioactive filamentous biopolymer by monogonant rotifers
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111666
Zsolt Datki , Eva Acs , Evelin Balazs , Tamas Sovany , Ildiko Csoka , Katalin Zsuga , Janos Kalman , Zita Galik-Olah

The chemical ecology of rotifers has been little studied. A yet unknown property is presented within some monogonant rotifers, namely the ability to produce an exogenic filamentous biopolymer, named ‘Rotimer’. This rotifer-specific viscoelastic fiber was observed in six different freshwater monogonants (Euchlanis dilatata, Lecane bulla, Lepadella patella, Itura aurita, Colurella adriatica and Trichocerca iernis) in exception of four species. Induction of Rotimer secretion can only be achieved by mechanically irritating rotifer ciliate with administering different types (yeast cell skeleton, denatured BSA, epoxy, Carmine or urea crystals and micro-cellulose) and sizes (approx. from 2.5 to 50 µm diameter) of inert particles, as inductors or visualization by adhering particles. The thickness of this Rotimer is 33 ± 3 nm, detected by scanning electron microscope. This material has two structural formations (fiber or gluelike) in nano dimension. The existence of the novel adherent natural product becomes visible by forming a ‘Rotimer-Inductor Conglomerate’ (RIC) web structure within a few minutes. The RIC-producing capacity of animals, depends on viability, is significantly modified according to physiological- (depletion), drug- (toxin or stimulator) and environmental (temperature, salt content and pH) effects. The E. dilatata-produced RIC is affected by protein disruptors but is resistant to several chemical influences and its Rotimer component has an overwhelming cell (algae, yeast and human neuroblastoma) motility inhibitory effect, associated with low toxicity. This biopolymer-secretion-capacity is protective of rotifers against human-type beta-amyloid aggregates.



中文翻译:

单亲轮虫外源生产生物活性丝状生物聚合物

轮虫的化学生态学研究很少。在一些单角轮虫中仍存在未知的性质,即产生外源性丝状生物聚合物(称为“ Rotimer”)的能力。这种轮虫特有的粘弹性纤维存在于六种不同的淡水单色物中(Euchlanis dilatata,Lecane bulla,Lepadella patella,Itura aurita,Collurella adriaticaTrichocerca iernis),但四种除外。Rotimer分泌的诱导只能通过使用不同类型(惰性细胞骨架,变性BSA,环氧树脂,胭脂红或尿素晶体和微纤维素)和大小(直径约2.5至50μm)的机械刺激轮虫纤毛来实现。粒子,作为感应器或通过粘附粒子可视化。该Rotimer的厚度通过扫描电子显微镜检测为33±3nm。这种材料在纳米尺寸上具有两个结构形式(纤维或胶状)。通过在几分钟内形成“ Rotimer-Inductor Conglomerate”(RIC)纤维网结构,就可以看到新型粘附天然产物的存在。动物的RIC产生能力取决于生存能力,会根据生理(耗竭),药物(毒素或刺激物)和环境(温度,盐含量和pH)的影响。的E. dilatata生产的RIC受蛋白质破坏剂的影响,但对几种化学影响有抵抗力,其Rotimer成分具有压倒性的细胞(藻类,酵母和人神经母细胞瘤)运动抑制作用,且毒性低。这种生物聚合物的分泌能力可保护轮虫免受人型β-淀粉样蛋白聚集物的侵害。

更新日期:2020-11-22
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