ABSTRACT Several chemical, biopesticide and elicitor treatments were evaluated on healthy plants inoculated with leaf and bud nematodes (Aphelenchoides fragariae). Aphelenchoides fragariae is a major threat to ornamental plant production worldwide, and its management poses a great challenge due to its wide host range of herbaceous, ferns and woody plants. Commercially available products containing spirotetramat, abamectin, azadirachtin and the elicitor of plant defences, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), were assessed for their ability to reduce the multiplication of A. fragariae inoculated on two plant species: Anemone hupenhensis (Japanese anemone), and Buddleja davidii (Buddleja). Treatments were applied individually and in combination with ASM in a spray programme. All treatments consistently showed a significant reduction of nematode multiplication in treated plants compared to the control. Programmes of ASM with spirotetramat, abamectin or azadirachtin had significantly lower nematode populations on both plant species compared to the untreated plants. In Buddleja plants, a programme using spirotetramat + ASM had a 97% reduction of the A. fragariae population over the control (ROC) while ASM, spirotetramat, abamectin, azadirachtin, ASM + abamectin and ASM + azadirachtin caused between 78 – 94% ROC. On Japanese anemone, the highest nematode ROC (95%) was obtained with the spirotetramat + ASM programme, while other treatments (ASM, spirotetramat, abamectin, azadirachtin, ASM + abamectin and ASM + azadirachtin) had a range of 80 – 94% reduction of A. fragariae over the control. Management of plants infested by leaf and bud nematodes may prove challenging; however, all the treatments investigated demonstrated a significant reduction in nematode population in Buddleja and Japanese anemone, indicating that they have significant potential as effective alternatives to manage A. fragariae in ornamental plants. The potential of ASM alone or in programmes with other actives is discussed in relation to their use in the management of A. fragariae.

中文翻译：

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使用 acibenzolar-S-methyl 和其他新产品来管理温室和商业条件下观赏植物上的草莓角线虫

摘要 对接种叶线虫和芽线虫 (Aphelenchoides fragariae) 的健康植物，评估了几种化学、生物农药和诱导剂处理。Aphelenchoides fragariae 是全球观赏植物生产的主要威胁，由于其寄主范围广泛的草本植物、蕨类植物和木本植物，其管理构成了巨大挑战。评估了含有螺虫乙酯、阿维菌素、印楝素和植物防御诱导剂 Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) 的市售产品减少接种在两种植物上的草莓角斑病菌繁殖的能力：海葵 hupenhensis（日本海葵） ，和 Buddleja davidii (Buddleja)。在喷雾程序中单独使用和与 ASM 组合进行处理。与对照相比，所有处理一致地显示出处理植物中线虫繁殖的显着减少。与未处理的植物相比，含有螺虫乙酯、阿维菌素或印楝素的 ASM 程序对两种植物的线虫数量都显着降低。在 Buddleja 植物中，与对照 (ROC) 相比，使用螺虫乙酯 + ASM 的程序减少了 97% 的草莓角斑病菌种群，而使用 ASM、螺虫乙酯、阿维菌素、印楝素、ASM + 阿维菌素和 ASM + 印楝素的 ROC 减少了 78 - 94% . 在日本海葵上，螺虫乙酯 + ASM 程序获得了最高的线虫 ROC（95%），而其他处理（ASM、螺虫乙酯、阿维菌素、印楝素、ASM + 阿维菌素和 ASM + 印楝素）减少了 80-94%草莓的控制。管理被叶线虫和芽线虫侵染的植物可能具有挑战性；然而，所有调查的处理都表明 Buddleja 和日本海葵中的线虫数量显着减少，表明它们作为管理观赏植物中草莓角斑病的有效替代品具有巨大潜力。单独使用 ASM 或在与其他活性物质一起使用的计划中讨论了它们在草莓角斑病菌管理中的应用的潜力。