Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum. is a tree originating in the Amazon forest. In Brazil, it is known as cupuassu and, like Theobroma cacao, belongs to the family of the Malvaceae. The pulp is used by the food industry and the seeds, which are rich in fatty acids, are used in cosmetics. As for cacao, cupuassu cultivation is affected by the witches’ broom disease (WBD), caused by Moniliophthora perniciosa (M. perniciosa). Despite its economical value, cupuassu culture lacks genetic information, compromising its plant breeding program development. The aim of this research was to increase molecular knowledge about WBD resistance. The progeny of 168 individuals obtained by crossing two contrasting cupuassu clones (174 and 1074, resistant and susceptible to WBD, respectively) were evaluated. The first consensus genetic map consisting of 1438 markers was produced using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and genome sequencing of the neighboring species T. cacao (Criollo B97) as reference. The analysis of synteny between T. cacao and T. grandiflorum showed that the average homology between the linkage groups of the two species was 97.2%. A resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL) was identified on chromosome 6 of resistant parent 174 at marker 6M1252980. The phenotypic data associated with that QTL corresponded to observations after natural and artificial infection with M. perniciosa. The biological process associated with this QTL may play a role in resistance and susceptibility to M. perniciosa.

大可可茶（Willd。ex Spreng。）Schum。是起源于亚马逊森林的一棵树。在巴西，它被称为cupuassu，并且与可可树一样，属于锦葵科。纸浆被食品工业使用，而富含脂肪酸的种子被用于化妆品。至于可可粉，cupuassu的种植受到魔芋毛虫（M. perniciosa）引起的女巫扫帚病（WBD）的影响。）。尽管其具有经济价值，但是cupuassu养殖缺乏遗传信息，损害了其植物育种计划的发展。这项研究的目的是增加有关WBD抗性的分子知识。评估了通过杂交两个相反的cupuassu克隆（分别为174和1074，分别对WBD具有抗药性和敏感性）获得的168个个体的后代。第一个由1438个标记组成的共有遗传图谱是通过测序（GBS）进行基因分型并以邻近物种可可豆（Criollo B97）的基因组测序作为参考的。T.可可与T. grandiflorum之间的同义分析结果表明，两个物种的连锁群之间的平均同源性为97.2％。在抗性亲本174的6号染色体上在标记6M1252980处鉴定了抗性定量性状基因座（QTL）。与QTL相关的表型数据对应于自然和人工感染多年生分支杆菌后的观察结果。与此QTL相关的生物学过程可能在对多年生分支杆菌的抗性和敏感性中起作用。