This article presents an overview of circuit-level techniques used for approximate computing (AC), including both computation and data storage units. After providing some background concept and methodology review, this article proceeds to provide a detailed review of prior art in circuit-level approximation techniques for data path and memory. The focus is on identifying key circuit-level approximation techniques that are applicable to the computational blocks in general and for both volatile and nonvolatile memory circuit technologies. Emphasis is also placed on the error metrics used to assess the output quality of approximate compute and memory units and whether the accuracy setting is dynamically reconfigurable. This article is concluded with a summary of the key distinguishing features of the reviewed prior art.

中文翻译：

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近似计算系统中逻辑和存储块的电路级技术x


本文概述了用于近似计算 (AC) 的电路级技术，包括计算和数据存储单元。在提供一些背景概念和方法回顾之后，本文对数据路径和存储器的电路级近似技术的现有技术进行了详细回顾。重点是确定适用于一般计算块以及易失性和非易失性存储器电路技术的关键电路级近似技术。重点还放在用于评估近似计算和内存单元的输出质量以及精度设置是否可动态重新配置的误差指标上。本文最后总结了所审查的现有技术的主要区别特征。