In this paper, we propose a generalized space-time block coded spatial modulation (GSTBC-SM) scheme for open-loop massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) downlink communication systems. Specifically, we firstly partition the information bits into multiple groups with each group modulated by the spatial modulation (SM), where the SM symbols are invoked for orthogonal STBC (OSTBC) and quasi-orthogonal STBC (Q-OSTBC) structures. Then, message passing (MP) and block minimum mean square equalization (B-MMSE) detectors are designed for our GSTBC-SM systems, to achieve near-optimal performance with significantly reduced complexity in massive MIMO configurations. Finally, we derive the theoretical average bit error probability (ABEP) of the proposed scheme. The main contribution is that the propose scheme achieves high transmission rate and diversity gain even with small number of radio frequency (RF) chains at the transmitter. Simulation results verify the theoretical derivations and show that the proposed GSTBC-SM scheme provides near 20 dB gain over the conventional GSTBC scheme under massive MIMO configurations.

中文翻译：

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开环大规模 MIMO 下行链路通信系统的广义空时分组编码空间调制


在本文中，我们提出了一种用于开环大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）下行链路通信系统的广义空时分组编码空间调制（GSTBC-SM）方案。具体来说，我们首先将信息比特划分为多个组，每个组通过空间调制（SM）进行调制，其中SM符号被调用用于正交STBC（OSTBC）和准正交STBC（Q-OSTBC）结构。然后，为我们的 GSTBC-SM 系统设计了消息传递 (MP) 和块最小均方均衡 (B-MMSE) 检测器，以实现接近最优的性能，同时显着降低大规模 MIMO 配置的复杂性。最后，我们推导了该方案的理论平均误码概率（ABEP）。主要贡献在于，即使发射机处的射频（RF）链数量较少，所提出的方案也能实现高传输速率和分集增益。仿真结果验证了理论推导，并表明所提出的 GSTBC-SM 方案在大规模 MIMO 配置下比传统 GSTBC 方案提供了近 20 dB 的增益。