Global freight demand will triple between 2015 and 2050, based on the current demand pathway, as predicted in the Transport Outlook 2019. Hence, a revolutionary change in transport efficiency is urgently needed. One approach to tackle this change is to transfer the successful model of the Digital Internet for data exchange to the physical transport of goods: The so-called Physical Internet (PI, or $\pi$). The potential of the Physical Internet lies in dynamic routing, which increases the utilization of transport modalities, like trucks and vans, and makes transport more efficient. Previous concept transfers have identified and determined the $\pi$-nodes as routing entities. Here, the problem is that the $\pi$-nodes have no information about real-time data on transport vacancies. This leads to a great challenge for the $\pi$-nodes with regard to routing, in particular in determining the next best appropriate node for onward transport of the freight package. This paper evolved the state of research concept as an artifact that considers the $\pi$-nodes as routers in a way that it distributes and replicates real-time data to the $\pi$-nodes in order to enable more effective routing decisions. This real-time data is provided by vehicles, or so-called $\pi$-transporters, on the road. Therefore, a second artifact will be designed in which $\pi$-transporters take over the routing role. In order to be able to take a holistic perspective on the routing topic, the goods that are actually to be moved, the so-called $\pi$-containers, are also designed as routing entities in a third artifact. These three artifacts are then compared and evaluated for the consideration of real-time traffic data. This paper proposes $\pi$-transporters as routing entities whose software representatives negotiate freight handover points in a cloud-based marketplace.

中文翻译：

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作为物理互联网框架一部分的路由工件的设计和评估

正如《2019 年运输展望》预测的那样，根据当前的需求路径，2015 年至 2050 年期间全球货运需求将增加两倍。因此，运输效率迫切需要发生革命性变化。应对这种变化的一种方法是将数据交换的数字互联网成功模式转移到货物的物理运输：所谓的物理互联网（PI，或 $\pi$）。物理互联网的潜力在于动态路由，它提高了卡车和货车等运输方式的利用率，并使运输更加高效。先前的概念传输已将 $\pi$-节点识别并确定为路由实体。这里的问题是 $\pi$-nodes 没有关于运输空缺的实时数据的信息。这导致 $\pi$-节点在路由方面面临巨大挑战，特别是在确定下一个最合适的节点以继续运输货物包裹时。本文将研究概念的状态发展为一种工件，将 $\pi$-nodes 视为路由器，以将实时数据分发和复制到 $\pi$-nodes 的方式，以实现更有效的路由决策. 这种实时数据由道路上的车辆或所谓的 $\pi$-transporters 提供。因此，将设计第二个工件，其中 $\pi$-transporters 接管路由角色。为了能够对路由主题有一个整体的看法，实际要移动的货物，即所谓的 $\pi$-容器，也被设计为第三个工件中的路由实体。然后比较和评估这三个工件，以考虑实时交通数据。本文提出 $\pi$-transporters 作为路由实体，其软件代表在基于云的市场中协商货运交接点。