We design a series of experiments on credit scoring and employ SHAP values to demonstrate that the use of location information may introduce racial biases. The analysis relies on race statistics collected from Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and on fully anonymized credit information. The present work helps to discuss how to track racial biases when protected attributes are not available and points in interesting directions towards the development of procedures to yield more ethical credit scoring models in the Brazilian context.

中文翻译：

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利用 SHAP 值调查种族偏见的实验

我们设计了一系列关于信用评分的实验并使用 SHAP 值来证明使用位置信息可能会引入种族偏见。该分析依赖于从巴西地理与统计研究所 (IBGE) 收集的种族统计数据以及完全匿名的信用信息。目前的工作有助于讨论当受保护的属性不可用时如何跟踪种族偏见，并指出在巴西背景下开发程序以产生更多合乎道德的信用评分模型的有趣方向。