The spontaneous emissions of a quantum emitter near three different samples, namely, graphene-covered hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) bulk (monocell), graphene/hBN/graphene sandwich (sandwich), and graphene/hBN/graphene/hBN (double-cell), are investigated in detail. The spontaneous emission decay rate near the graphene/hBN samples can be increased by several orders of magnitude because of the hyperbolic characteristics of hBN. For the monocell, two sharp peaks appear in the Purcell factor curve, corresponding to the hyperbolic frequency ranges of hBN. The Purcell factor can be actively controlled by the chemical potential of graphene via the coupling of surface plasmons (SPs) supported by graphene and hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPPs) supported by hBN. As the chemical potential increases, the Purcell factor decreases when the distance between the quantum emitter and the sample is less than 1/1000 transition wavelength. Conversely, the Purcell factor increases when the distance ranges from 1/1000 to 1/100 transition wavelength. The interaction between two quantum emitters in the proximity of different samples in reflective configuration is investigated, and the interaction exhibits an oscillation between superradiant and subradiant states in accordance with the separation between the two emitters. The interaction between quantum emitters can also be controlled freely with the chemical potential of graphene. This work provides a meaningful basis for modulating the spontaneous emission, and could be valuable in expanding the application of new and emerging materials in the field of light–matter interaction.

中文翻译：

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石墨烯/ hBN多层膜附近的自发发射的调制

靠近三个不同样品的量子发射器的自发发射，这三个样品分别是石墨烯覆盖的六方氮化硼（hBN）块（单电池），石墨烯/ hBN /石墨烯夹心（三明治）和石墨烯/ hBN /石墨烯/ hBN（双电池） ），进行了详细调查。由于hBN的双曲特性，可以将石墨烯/ hBN样品附近的自发发射衰减速率提高几个数量级。对于单电池，在Purcell因子曲线中会出现两个尖峰，分别对应于hBN的双曲频率范围。通过石墨烯支持的表面等离激元（SP）和hBN支持的双曲声子极化子（HPP）的耦合，可以通过石墨烯的化学势来主动控制赛尔因子。随着化学势的增加，当量子发射体和样品之间的距离小于1/1000跃迁波长时，赛尔系数减小。相反，当距离在1/1000到1/100跃迁波长范围内时，珀塞尔系数增加。研究了在反射配置下不同样品附近的两个量子发射器之间的相互作用，并且根据两个发射器之间的间距，该相互作用在超辐射状态和次辐射状态之间表现出振荡。量子发射器之间的相互作用也可以通过石墨烯的化学势自由控制。这项工作为调节自发发射提供了有意义的基础，并且对于在光-物质相互作用领域扩展新材料和新兴材料的应用可能是有价值的。