In modern farming, pesticides are extensively used to deliver high-yield harvests with no concern about the amount of toxicity involved in the agriculture process. The continuous usage of pesticides also causes severe health issues for human health. Thus, promoting a rapid and accurate method for ultrasensitive and low-level detection of toxic pesticides is essential in real food samples to avoid serious health issues. Herein, we successfully synthesized graphene oxide (GO) incorporated with dysprosium stannate nanoplatelets (Dy₂Sn₂O₇) through a facile coprecipitation method followed by ultrasonication, which is used for the electrochemical detection of carbofuran (CF) in vegetable samples. The unique structural properties of Dy₂Sn₂O₇/GO were successfully characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements revealed overall elevated electrochemical behavior of the Dy₂Sn₂O₇/GO composite. Additionally, the electrochemical performance of Dy₂Sn₂O₇/GO analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed superior electrocatalytic activity toward the detection of CF compared with bare and other composite electrodes due to fast electron transfer behavior and interlayer effect of Dy₂Sn₂O₇ NPs and GO. Furthermore, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis of Dy₂Sn₂O₇/GO revealed the low-level detection limit of CF 14.8 nM with the linear concentration range of 0.05–124.65 μM and a sensitivity of 2.632 μA μM^–1 cm^–2. Indeed, the real-time analysis of CF at Dy₂Sn₂O₇/GO retained an adequate recovery level in vegetable samples that are desirable for practical applications and, thus, can generate the diminution of CF in the environmental contamination. Given the acceptable recovery level of CF, the Dy₂Sn₂O₇/GO is a competent electrocatalyst for detecting toxic pesticides in real samples to avoid health issues.

中文翻译：

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掺入氧化石墨烯的Dy酸-Stannate纳米片的合理设计和层间效应：用于蔬菜中有毒氨基甲酸酯农药检测的多功能和有效电催化剂

在现代农业中，农药被广泛用于提供高产收成，而无需担心农业过程中涉及的毒性量。农药的连续使用也对人类健康造成严重的健康问题。因此，为避免严重的健康问题，在实际食品样品中推广一种快速，准确的方法以超灵敏和低水平检测有毒农药至关重要。在这里，我们成功地通过一种简便的共沉淀方法，然后进行超声处理，成功地合成了掺入锡酸nate纳米片（Dy ₂ Sn ₂ O ₇）的氧化石墨烯（GO），该电化学方法用于蔬菜样品中呋喃丹（CF）的电化学检测。Dy ₂ Sn的独特结构性质₂ O ₇ / GO通过各种分析和光谱技术成功表征。电化学阻抗谱（EIS）测量显示Dy ₂ Sn ₂ O ₇ / GO复合材料的整体电化学行为提高。此外，通过循环伏安法（CV）分析的Dy ₂ Sn ₂ O ₇ / GO的电化学性能显示出与CF裸电极和其他复合电极相比对CF的检测具有优异的电催化活性，这归因于Dy ₂ Sn的快速电子传递行为和层间效应₂ ö ₇NP和GO。此外，Dy ₂ Sn ₂ O ₇ / GO的差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）分析显示CF的低检测限为14.8 nM，线性浓度范围为0.05–124.65μM，灵敏度为2.632μAμM ^–1 cm ^{– 2}。实际上，在Dy ₂ Sn ₂ O ₇ / GO上对CF进行的实时分析在蔬菜样品中保留了足够的回收水平，这对于实际应用是理想的，因此可以减少环境污染中CF的含量。给定可接受的CF回收水平，Dy ₂ Sn ₂ O ₇/ GO是有效的电催化剂，可检测真实样品中的有毒农药，从而避免健康问题。