Spark plasma discharges induce vortex rings and a hot gas kernel. We develop a model to describe the late stage of the spark-induced flow and the role of the vortex rings in the entrainment of cold ambient gas and the cooling of the hot gas kernel. The model is tested in a plasma-induced flow using density and velocity measurements obtained from simultaneous stereoscopic particle image velocimetry and background oriented schlieren. We show that the spatial distribution of the hot kernel follows the motion of the vortex rings, whose radial expansion increases with the electrical energy deposited during the spark discharge. The vortex ring cooling model establishes that entrainment in the convective cooling regime is induced by the vortex rings and governs the cooling of the hot gas kernel, and the rate of cooling increases with the electrical energy deposited during the spark discharge.

中文翻译：

---

涡流环驱动由火花放电引起的气流中的夹带和冷却

火花等离子体放电会引起涡流环和热气核。我们开发了一个模型来描述火花诱导流的后期以及涡流环在夹带冷环境气体和冷却热气核中的作用。使用从同时进行的立体粒子图像测速和背景定向的纹影获得的密度和速度测量值，在等离子体诱导的流动中测试该模型。我们表明，热核的空间分布遵循涡流环的运动，涡流环的径向膨胀随着火花放电过程中沉积的电能的增加而增加。涡流环冷却模型确定，对流冷却方式中的夹带是由涡流环引起的，并控制热气核的冷却，