ABSTRACT

A literature review on longevity of New Zealand deep-sea fishes provided life history parameter estimates for 17 bony and five cartilaginous species. Preliminary age estimates for a further nine deep-sea bony fishes were made from otolith zone counts and included results from a pilot analysis of radiocarbon age estimates from the otoliths of three of the species. Radiocarbon age estimates corroborated the otolith zone count age estimates made for white rattail (Trachyrincus aphyodes) and smallhead cod (Lepidion microcephalus) but were substantially lower for the third species, smallscale brown slickhead (Alepocephalus antipodianus) which suggested that it was not exposed to elevated (near-surface) levels of ¹⁴C in early life. Validation of otolith zone age estimates is difficult for deep-sea species but the radiocarbon analysis provided a practical method to corroborate age estimates for some bony fishes. Of the 31 fish in this study (known and new age estimates), five of the fishery target species and 10 of the bycatch were long-lived (50 years or more). The hypothesis that all New Zealand deep-sea species are long-lived was not supported, but the chance of a species being long-lived seem to be higher in deeper water.

摘要

关于新西兰深海鱼类寿命的文献综述提供了 17 种骨和 5 种软骨鱼的生活史参数估计值。对另外 9 条深海硬骨鱼的初步年龄估计是根据耳石区计数得出的，其中包括对三个物种耳石的放射性碳年龄估计值进行试点分析的结果。放射性碳年龄估计证实了对白鼠尾鱼( Trachyrincus aphyodes ) 和小头鳕 ( Lepidion microcephalus ) 进行的耳石区计数年龄估计，但对于第三个物种，小型棕色浮头鳕 ( Alepocephalus antipodianus ) 的估计要低得多，这表明它没有暴露在升高的环境中。 （近地表）级别为¹⁴C 早年。对于深海物种，耳石区年龄估计的验证是困难的，但放射性碳分析提供了一种实用的方法来证实一些硬骨鱼的年龄估计。在本研究中的 31 条鱼（已知和新年龄估计）中，有 5 种渔业目标物种和 10 种兼捕物是长寿的（50 年或更长时间）。不支持所有新西兰深海物种都是长寿的假设，但一个物种在更深的水中长寿的可能性似乎更高。