This study mainly explored the effects of Rapamycin on the growth of the Buffalo ear fibroblast (BEF) and embryonic developmental competence of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The results show that the appropriate concentration (1 μM) of Rapamycin could significantly improve the proportion of the G0/G1 phase in BEF cells treated at a certain time (72 hr). Simultaneously, the percentage of the G0/G1 phase also was significantly higher than the serum starvation and control group. This may be related to Rapamycin inhibiting the phosphorylation of mTOR and affecting the expression of cell cycle‐related genes (CDK2, CDK4, P27, CycleD1, and CycleD3). Besides, compared with the control group and serum‐starved group, Rapamycin significantly decreased BEF cell apoptosis by reducing ROS generation. Moreover, these results also indicated that the proportion of BEF cells with normal chromosome multiples treated by Rapamycin is significantly higher than that of the serum‐starved group (p < .05). Finally, this study explored the effects of Rapamycin and serum starvation on the embryonic developmental competence of SCNT. The results show that Rapamycin significantly increased the rate of 8‐cell and blastocyst, compared with the control group and serum starvation group (p < .05). To summarize, these results indicate that Rapamycin improved the embryonic development competence of SCNT, which may be related to Rapamycin increasing the percentage of G0/G1 phase and maintaining BEF cell quality.

中文翻译：

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雷帕霉素的细胞同步提高了水牛（Bubalus bubalis）体细胞核移植胚胎的发育能力

本研究主要探讨雷帕霉素对水牛耳成纤维细胞（BEF）生长和体细胞核移植（SCNT）胚胎发育能力的影响。结果表明，在一定时间（72小时）处理的BEF细胞中，适当的浓度（1μM）雷帕霉素可以显着提高BEF细胞中G0 / G1期的比例。同时，G0 / G1期的百分比也显着高于血清饥饿和对照组。这可能与雷帕霉素抑制mTOR的磷酸化并影响细胞周期相关基因（CDK2，CDK4，P27，CycleD1和CycleD3）的表达有关。）。此外，与对照组和血清饥饿组相比，雷帕霉素可通过减少ROS的产生显着降低BEF细胞凋亡。此外，这些结果还表明，雷帕霉素处理的具有正常染色体倍数的BEF细胞的比例显着高于血清饥饿组（p  <.05）。最后，本研究探讨了雷帕霉素和血清饥饿对SCNT胚胎发育能力的影响。结果显示，与对照组和血清饥饿组相比，雷帕霉素显着提高了8细胞和胚泡的发生率（p <.05）。综上所述，这些结果表明雷帕霉素提高了SCNT的胚胎发育能力，这可能与雷帕霉素增加G0 / G1期的百分比并维持BEF细胞质量有关。