A Correlation between Structural Parameters and Electrical Conductivity of Calcium‐Modified Ba(Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 Ceramic,Physica Status Solidi (B) - Basic Solid State Physics

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A Correlation between Structural Parameters and Electrical Conductivity of Calcium‐Modified Ba(Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 Ceramic
Physica Status Solidi (B) - Basic Solid State Physics ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 , DOI: 10.1002/pssb.202000392
Rachna Selvamani ₁ , Gurvinderjit Singh _{1,

2} , Vidya Sagar Tiwari _{1,

2} , Ashwani K. Karnal _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Lead‐free (Ba_1–xCa_x)(Zr_0.05Ti_0.95)O₃ (x = 0.03, 0.05, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, and 0.15) (BCZTx) ceramics are fabricated using the solid state reaction method. The ionic conductivity of the ceramic samples is investigated by complex impedance spectroscopy. The impedance measurements suggest that doubly charged oxygen vacancies (

V_{O}^{\cdot \cdot})

are responsible for conduction and relaxation. The impedance measurements show that with increase in calcium content the ionic conductivity increases till x = 0.10 and thereafter it decreases gradually. This anomaly in the conductivity is discussed on the basis of structural parameters such as lattice free volume, tolerance factors, and number of equivalent oxygen sites. The presence of the anomaly at x = 0.10 is attributed to a balance between the number of equivalent oxygen sites increasing and the lattice free volume reducing with calcium content.

中文翻译：

钙改性Ba（Zr0.05Ti0.95）O3陶瓷的结构参数与电导率的相关性

使用固态反应法制造无铅（Ba ₁ - _x Ca _x）（Zr _0.05 Ti _0.95）O ₃（x = 0.03、0.05、0.08、0.10、0.12和0.15）（BCZT x）陶瓷。陶瓷样品的离子电导率通过复阻抗谱研究。阻抗测量表明，双电荷的氧空位（