Hybrid Solid Electrolyte Interphases Enabled Ultralong Life Ca‐Metal Batteries Working at Room Temperature,Advanced Materials

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Hybrid Solid Electrolyte Interphases Enabled Ultralong Life Ca‐Metal Batteries Working at Room Temperature
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006141
Huawei Song ₁ , Jian Su ₁ , Chengxin Wang ₁

Affiliation

Currently, the application of calcium metal anodes is challenged by rapidly degenerated plating/stripping electrochemistry without suitable solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) capable of fast Ca²⁺ transport kinetics and superior ability to resist anion oxidation. Here, through in situ evolved Na/Ca hybrid SEIs, symmetrical Ca//Ca batteries readily remain stable for more than 1000 h deposition–dissolution cycles (versus less than 60 h for those with pure Ca SEIs under the same condition). Coupled with a specially designed freestanding lattice‐expanded graphitic carbon fiber membrane and tailored operation voltages, the proof‐of‐concept Ca‐metal batteries reversibly run for almost 1900 cycles with ≈83% capacity retention and a high average discharge voltage of 3.16 V. The good performance not only benefits from the stable SEIs at the Ca metal surface which affords free Ca²⁺ transports and prohibits out‐of‐control fluridation of Ca (forming CaF₂ ion‐/electron‐insulating layer) but is also attributed to reversible relay insertion/extraction electrochemistry in the cathode. This work sheds new light on durable metal battery technology.

中文翻译：

混合固体电解质相间可在室温下工作的超长寿命钙金属电池

目前，钙金属阳极的应用面临着快速退化的电镀/剥离电化学反应的挑战，而电化学/电化学反应却没有合适的能够快速产生Ca ^2+的固体电解质中间相（SEI）传输动力学和出色的抗阴离子氧化能力。在这里，通过就地演化的Na / Ca混合SEI，对称的Ca // Ca电池可在超过1000小时的沉积-溶解循环中保持稳定（相比之下，在相同条件下使用纯Ca SEI的电池少于60 h）。结合专门设计的独立式晶格膨胀石墨碳纤维膜和量身定制的工作电压，概念验证型钙金属电池可逆地运行近1900个周期，容量保持率约为83％，平均放电电压高达3.16V。良好的性能不仅得益于Ca金属表面的稳定SEI，该表面SEI可以提供自由的Ca ²⁺传输，并可以防止Ca的失控氟化（形成CaF ₂离子/电子绝缘层），但也归因于阴极中可逆的继电器插入/萃取电化学。这项工作为耐用的金属电池技术提供了新的思路。

更新日期：2021-01-12

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