Polymers Exhibiting Lower Critical Solution Temperatures as a Route to Thermoreversible Gelators for Healthcare,Advanced Functional Materials

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Polymers Exhibiting Lower Critical Solution Temperatures as a Route to Thermoreversible Gelators for Healthcare
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202008123
Michael T. Cook ₁ , Peter Haddow ₁ , Stewart B. Kirton ₁ , William J. McAuley ₁

Affiliation

The ability to trigger changes to material properties with external stimuli, so‐called “smart” behavior, has enabled novel technologies for a wide range of healthcare applications. Response to small changes in temperature is particularly attractive, where material transformations may be triggered by contact with the human body. Thermoreversible gelators are materials where warming triggers reversible phase change from low viscosity polymer solution to a gel state. These systems can be generated by the exploitation of macromolecules with lower critical solution temperatures included in their architectures. The resultant materials are attractive for topical and mucosal drug delivery, as well as for injectables. In addition, the materials are attractive for tissue engineering and 3D printing. The fundamental science underpinning these systems is described, along with progress in each class of material and their applications. Significant opportunities exist in the fundamental understanding of how polymer chemistry and nanoscience describe the performance of these systems and guide the rational design of novel systems. Furthermore, barriers to translating technologies must be addressed, for example, rigorous toxicological evaluation is rarely conducted. As such, applications remain tied to narrow fields, and advancements will be made where the existing knowledge in these areas may be applied to novel problems of science.

中文翻译：

具有较低临界溶液温度的聚合物可作为医疗用热可逆胶凝剂的途径

通过外部刺激来触发材料特性变化的能力，即所谓的“智能”行为，为广泛的医疗保健应用提供了新颖的技术。对温度的微小变化的响应特别有吸引力，在这种情况下，与人体的接触可能触发材料转变。热可逆胶凝剂是这样的材料，其中加热会触发从低粘度聚合物溶液到凝胶态的可逆相变。这些系统可以通过利用其体系结构中包含的较低临界溶液温度的大分子来生成。所得材料对于局部和粘膜药物递送以及注射剂具有吸引力。此外，这种材料对于组织工程和3D打印具有吸引力。描述了构成这些系统的基础科学，以及每种材料及其应用中的进展。在对高分子化学和纳米科学如何描述这些系统的性能并指导新型系统的合理设计的基本理解中，存在着巨大的机遇。此外，必须解决翻译技术的障碍，例如，很少进行严格的毒理学评估。这样，应用程序仍然局限于狭窄的领域，并且在这些领域中的现有知识可以应用于新的科学问题方面将取得进步。在对高分子化学和纳米科学如何描述这些系统的性能并指导新型系统的合理设计的基本理解中，存在着巨大的机遇。此外，必须解决翻译技术的障碍，例如，很少进行严格的毒理学评估。这样，应用程序仍然局限于狭窄的领域，并且在这些领域中的现有知识可以应用于新的科学问题方面将取得进步。在对高分子化学和纳米科学如何描述这些系统的性能并指导新型系统的合理设计的基本理解中，存在着巨大的机遇。此外，必须解决翻译技术的障碍，例如，很少进行严格的毒理学评估。这样，应用程序仍然局限于狭窄的领域，并且在这些领域中的现有知识可以应用于新的科学问题方面将取得进步。

更新日期：2020-11-20

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