Abstract There is some consensus that two end-member processes are responsible by emergence of supercontinents: introversion (when the interior smaller ocean developed between dispersing portions of the previous supercontinent is preferentially subducted) and extroversion (when the exterior superocean surrounding the supercontinent is preferentially subducted). In agreement with the coupled supercontinent-superplume cycle driven by mantle superdownwellings (slab avalanches) and superupwellings (superplumes), the extroversion assembly for Columbia (Nuna) supercontinent is here reinforced and is supported on its probable external subduction convergent girdle and concentric accretionary (1.80-1.90 Ga), collisional (1.95-2.10 Ga) and compressional intracontinental (1.80-1.90 Ga) orogens permeated by large igneous provinces and rifts. The distribution of these geological entities would have shaped a singular Columbia (Nuna) paleogeography.

中文翻译：

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哥伦比亚 (Nuna) 超大陆，具有外部俯冲带和同心增生、碰撞和大陆内的造山带，被大型火成岩省和裂谷所渗透

摘要 有一些共识认为超大陆的出现负责两个端元过程：内倾（当在前一个超大陆的分散部分之间形成的内部较小的海洋优先俯冲）和外倾（当超大陆周围的外部超级海洋优先俯冲时）。 ）。与由地幔超级下降流（板状雪崩）和超级上升流（超级羽流）驱动的耦合超大陆-超羽流循环一致，哥伦比亚（努纳）超大陆的外倾组件在这里得到了加强，并由其可能的外部俯冲会聚带和同心增生带（1.80 -1.90 Ga）、碰撞（1.95-2.10 Ga）和大陆内挤压（1.80-1.90 Ga）造山带被大型火成岩省和裂谷所渗透。