Abstract Nafion-PTFE hollow fiber composite membranes were fabricated and applied in vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) process to improve the anti-fouling and anti-wetting performance in the presence of oil and surfactant. The composite membrane exhibited an underwater super-oilphobic property according to the contact angle test. The VMD performance when treating saline feed containing 3.5 wt% NaCl and 1000 ppm mineral oil for the composite membrane behaved a stable flux for 40 h. In construct, an immediate and sharply-declined flux was observed for the pristine PTFE, indicating the significant improvement in the anti-fouling property. Meanwhile, the composite membrane also alleviated the wetting phenomena caused by the surfactant comparing with the pristine PTFE membrane, and the Nafion-PTFE composite membrane behaves a stable flux and high salt rejection higher than 99.99% for 60 h treating saline feed containing O/W emulsions. The pressure depression effect of the Nafion layer on the mass transfer was analyzed. It was found that the depression could be reduced with the increasing of the feed temperature and the enhancement of the corresponding effective pore diameter of the Nafion layer, that the pressure depression factor decreased from 0.23 to 0.04 with the feed temperature increasing from 60 °C to 75 °C.

中文翻译：

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Nafion-PTFE中空纤维复合膜用于提高真空膜蒸馏中的防污和防润湿性能

摘要 制备了Nafion-PTFE中空纤维复合膜并将其应用于真空膜蒸馏（VMD）工艺，以提高在油和表面活性剂存在下的防污和抗润湿性能。根据接触角测试，复合膜表现出水下超疏油性。当复合膜处理含有 3.5 wt% NaCl 和 1000 ppm 矿物油的盐水进料时，VMD 性能表现出稳定的通量达 40 小时。在构造中，观察到原始 PTFE 的通量立即急剧下降，表明防污性能显着提高。同时，与原始的PTFE膜相比，复合膜也减轻了表面活性剂引起的润湿现象，Nafion-PTFE 复合膜在处理含 O/W 乳液的盐水进料 60 小时内表现出稳定的通量和高于 99.99% 的高脱盐率。分析了Nafion层对传质的压力抑制作用。发现随着进料温度的升高和相应的Nafion层有效孔径的增大，压降可以减小，随着进料温度从60℃升高到0.04，压降系数从0.23降低到0.04。 75℃。