Abstract Recreation in a public park is associated with contact with other people spending time in a park setting. The choices people make about visiting a park are not always associated with the need for contact. Sometimes privacy and/or safety is more important, and this is related to the presence of other people in the area and where these people are. We examined how our preferences are influenced by how far other people are from us (distance) and to what extent they are visible (obstruction). We also verified whether the reason for these preferences stems from sense of safety and privacy. To this end, we designed a study in which participants rated 112 photos of park settings in terms of perceived safety, privacy and landscape preference. We measured the distances from people in situ. We measured the degree of obstruction in the pictures as the relative (percentage) quantity of landscape forms constituting a visual barrier. Mediation analyses revealed that (1) increasing the distance from other people in a particular area has a positive effect on preferences, caused by increased privacy and safety; (2) obstruction reduces sense of safety, which in turn reduces privacy and, as a result, reduces preferences. These results indicate that people feel safe and well in situations when they see other people in the area and are not separated from them by visual obstruction, as long as these people are located some distance away. That is why it is worth creating spaces for relaxation located away from active spaces but where the active people are clearly visible.

中文翻译：

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在城市公园放松的同时，我们想在哪里看到其他人？与公园用户的视觉关系及其对偏好、安全和隐私的影响

摘要 公园里的娱乐活动与在公园环境中与其他人的接触有关。人们在参观公园时所做的选择并不总是与联系需求相关。有时隐私和/或安全更重要，这与该地区是否有其他人以及这些人所在的位置有关。我们研究了我们的偏好如何受到其他人与我们的距离（距离）以及他们的可见程度（障碍）的影响。我们还验证了这些偏好的原因是否源于安全和隐私感。为此，我们设计了一项研究，参与者根据感知的安全性、隐私和景观偏好对 112 张公园环境照片进行评分。我们在原地测量了与人的距离。我们测量了图片中的障碍程度，作为构成视觉障碍的景观形式的相对（百分比）数量。中介分析显示，(1) 增加与特定区域内其他人的距离对偏好有积极影响，这是由隐私和安全性增加引起的；(2) 阻碍会降低安全感，进而降低隐私，从而降低偏好。这些结果表明，人们在看到该地区的其他人并且与他们没有被视觉障碍隔开的情况下会感到安全和良好，只要这些人相距一定距离即可。这就是为什么在远离活跃空间但活跃的人清晰可见的地方创造放松空间是值得的。