In the present paper a Design for Additive Manufacturing approach is proposed, with the aim to outline a generalized method and define an energy consumption model that allow, during the development of component design, to evaluate the effects of the different solutions on the energy efficiency of the additive process that will build the component. For this purpose the concept of building energy is introduced, that is the real energy of the heat source during the phases of the building process, and can be directly correlated to key properties of the component (material, geometry and shape, volumetric distribution).

For the detailed formulation of the energy consumption model, the Electron Beam Melting technology has been considered. Two parameters are identified to effectively characterize each design solution, combining the geometric and volumetric properties of components in the most significant way, and taking into account also the efficiency in build volume packing.

The application of the model to the fabrication of components characterized by different shape classes is detailed, highlighting how a different spatial distribution of the same volume affects the building energy. The outcomes in terms of energy consumption, due to alternative design choices, can be assessed and simulated. The analysis of critical points in the design solutions presents an heuristic potential, as it can guide the designer in effective improvement interventions.

The accuracy in the evaluation of the process energy consumption due to the proposed approach, also suggest limiting the use of simplifications, that may not be fully suitable to correlate energy efficiency and component properties in a Design for Additive Manufacturing perspective.

本文提出了一种“增材制造设计”方法，旨在概述一种通用方法并定义一个能耗模型，该模型允许在组件设计的开发过程中评估不同解决方案对制造商能源效率的影响。将构建组件的附加过程。为此，引入了建筑能量的概念，即建筑过程各阶段中热源的实际能量，并且可以直接与组件的关键属性（材料，几何形状和形状，体积分布）相关联。

对于能耗模型的详细表述，已经考虑了电子束熔化技术。确定两个参数以有效地表征每个设计解决方案，以最重要的方式组合组件的几何和体积特性，并同时考虑到构建体积包装的效率。

详细介绍了该模型在以不同形状类别为特征的组件的制造中的应用，强调了相同体积的不同空间分布如何影响建筑能耗。可以评估和模拟因替代设计选择而导致的能耗方面的结果。设计解决方案中关键点的分析具有启发性的潜力，因为它可以指导设计师进行有效的改进措施。

由于所提出的方法而导致的过程能耗评估的准确性，也表明限制了简化的使用，在增材制造设计的角度来看，这种简化可能不完全适合于关联能量效率和组件属性。