Climate aid refers to official development assistance relevant for mitigation and adaptation, and it is an important guarantee for action against climate change. Meanwhile, evidences suggesting that a large portion of climate aid flows to energy areas and the resulting energy restructuring is highly associated with carbon emissions in recipient countries. Focusing on the complicated relations among climate aid, energy structure and carbon emissions in recipient countries, we aim to investigate the influencing mechanism of climate aid. According to the theoretical analysis, we suppose that climate aid has both direct and indirect carbon reduction effects on recipient countries. And on the empirical analysis, based on the national panel data of 52 recipient countries from 1980 to 2016, the mediation model is used to empirically-test the above dual carbon reduction mechanism. In the direct path, climate aid can directly reduce carbon emissions by monitoring their implementation effect and increasing carbon reduction resources in recipient countries. As for the indirect effect, climate aid with low-carbon technology attribute can promote the gradual substitution of clean energy for traditional fossil energy to optimize energy structure, and ultimately reduce the carbon emissions in recipient countries. This study provides useful enlightenments for fulfilling the climate aid commitments, better utilizing climate aid, building low-carbon energy systems, and exploring broader environmental benefits.

气候援助是指与缓解和适应有关的官方发展援助，是采取行动应对气候变化的重要保证。同时，有证据表明，气候援助的很大一部分流向能源领域，由此导致的能源重组与受援国的碳排放高度相关。针对受援国气候援助，能源结构和碳排放之间的复杂关系，我们旨在研究气候援助的影响机制。根据理论分析，我们假设气候援助对受援国既有直接的碳减排效果又有间接的碳减排效果。并在实证分析的基础上，基于1980年至2016年52个受援国的国家面板数据，中介模型用于对上述双重碳减排机制进行经验测试。在直接途径上，气候援助可以通过监测其实施效果并增加受援国的碳减排资源来直接减少碳排放。至于间接影响，具有低碳技术属性的气候援助可以促进逐步将清洁能源替代传统化石能源，以优化能源结构，并最终减少受援国的碳排放。这项研究为履行气候援助承诺，更好地利用气候援助，建立低碳能源系统以及探索更广泛的环境效益提供了有益的启示。气候援助可以通过监测其实施效果并增加受援国的碳减排资源来直接减少碳排放。至于间接影响，具有低碳技术属性的气候援助可以促进逐步将清洁能源替代传统化石能源，以优化能源结构，并最终减少受援国的碳排放。这项研究为履行气候援助承诺，更好地利用气候援助，建立低碳能源系统以及探索更广泛的环境效益提供了有益的启示。气候援助可以通过监测其实施效果并增加受援国的碳减排资源来直接减少碳排放。关于间接影响，具有低碳技术属性的气候援助可以促进逐步将清洁能源替代传统化石能源，以优化能源结构，并最终减少受援国的碳排放。这项研究为履行气候援助承诺，更好地利用气候援助，建立低碳能源系统以及探索更广泛的环境效益提供了有益的启示。具有低碳技术属性的气候援助可以促进清洁能源逐渐取代传统的化石能源，以优化能源结构，并最终减少受援国的碳排放。这项研究为履行气候援助承诺，更好地利用气候援助，建立低碳能源系统以及探索更广泛的环境效益提供了有益的启示。具有低碳技术属性的气候援助可以促进清洁能源逐渐取代传统的化石能源，以优化能源结构，并最终减少受援国的碳排放。这项研究为履行气候援助承诺，更好地利用气候援助，建立低碳能源系统以及探索更广泛的环境效益提供了有益的启示。