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Depositional processes of plant fragment-concentrated sandstones in turbiditic sequences recorded by plant biomarkers (Miocene Kawabata Formation, Japan)
International Journal of Coal Geology ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2020.103643
Satoshi Furota , Ken Sawada , Gentaro Kawakami

Abstract Occasionally, distinctive plant fragment (PF)-concentrated sandstone beds are found in the turbiditic sequence of the Miocene Kawabata Formation (Yubari, central Hokkaido, Japan) deposited in a foredeep basin. Sedimentological and organic geochemical analyses were carried out on the PF-concentrated sandstone bed to investigate the transport and depositional processes of the abundant PFs in the basin. The PF-concentrated sandstone bed was subdivided into lower and upper PF-concentrated layers based on their sedimentary structures. The lower layer contains chaotically dispersed PFs, and the upper layer is characterized by PF laminae. The dispersed PFs in the lower layer were likely deposited by rapid depositional processes such as freezing or rapid fall-out of suspended particles. The huge amount of PF deposition was confirmed by biomarker data such as sterane distributions and pristane/phytane ratios. The compositions of n-alkanes and diterpenoids in the PF-concentrated sandstone bed are distinct from those in the other sandstone and mudstone beds. These results imply that the terrigenous particles originated from specific terrestrial higher plants that were effectively transported and deposited, resulting in formation of the PF-concentrated sandstone bed. The distinctive sedimentary structures observed in the sequences could be attributed to a large flood discharge and the huge volume of PFs might have been transported directly from an upper reach of river and then reached the deep-sea basin by density flows, such as relatively concentrated hyperpycnal flows.

中文翻译:

植物生物标志物记录的浊质序列中植物碎片浓缩砂岩的沉积过程(日本中新世川端组)

摘要 在前深盆地沉积的中新世川端组(Yubari,北海道中部,日本)的浊积层序中,偶尔会发现独特的植物碎片 (PF) 集中砂岩层。对 PF 富集的砂岩层进行了沉积学和有机地球化学分析,以研究盆地中丰富的 PF 的输运和沉积过程。PF 富集砂岩层根据其沉积结构细分为下层和上层 PF 富集层。下层包含混乱分散的PF,上层以PF薄层为特征。下层中分散的 PF 很可能是通过快速沉积过程沉积的,例如冻结或悬浮颗粒的快速脱落。生物标志物数据证实了大量的 PF 沉积,例如甾烷分布和原始烷/植烷比率。PF 富集砂岩层中正构烷烃和二萜类化合物的组成与其他砂岩和泥岩层中的不同。这些结果意味着陆源颗粒来源于特定的陆生高等植物,它们被有效地运输和沉积,从而形成了PF浓缩砂岩层。在序列中观察到的独特的沉积结构可能归因于大洪水,大量的PFs可能直接从河流上游输送,然后通过密度流到达深海盆地,例如相对集中的高密度流域。流动。PF 富集砂岩层中正构烷烃和二萜类化合物的组成与其他砂岩和泥岩层中的不同。这些结果意味着陆源颗粒来源于特定的陆生高等植物,它们被有效地运输和沉积,从而形成了PF浓缩砂岩层。在序列中观察到的独特的沉积结构可能归因于大洪水,大量的PFs可能直接从河流上游输送,然后通过密度流到达深海盆地,例如相对集中的高密度流域。流动。PF 富集砂岩层中正构烷烃和二萜类化合物的组成与其他砂岩和泥岩层中的不同。这些结果意味着陆源颗粒来源于特定的陆生高等植物,它们被有效地运输和沉积,从而形成了PF浓缩砂岩层。在序列中观察到的独特的沉积结构可能归因于大洪水,大量的PFs可能直接从河流上游输送,然后通过密度流到达深海盆地,例如相对集中的高密度流域。流动。这些结果意味着陆源颗粒来源于特定的陆生高等植物,它们被有效地运输和沉积,从而形成了PF浓缩砂岩层。在序列中观察到的独特的沉积结构可能归因于大洪水,大量的PFs可能直接从河流上游输送,然后通过密度流到达深海盆地,例如相对集中的高密度流域。流动。这些结果意味着陆源颗粒来源于特定的陆生高等植物,它们被有效地运输和沉积,从而形成了PF浓缩砂岩层。在序列中观察到的独特的沉积结构可能归因于大洪水,大量的PFs可能直接从河流上游输送,然后通过密度流到达深海盆地,例如相对集中的高密度流域。流动。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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