Most have experienced the impact of vehicular accidents, whether it was in terms of increased commute time, delays in receiving goods, higher insurance premiums, elevated costs of services, or simply absorbing the daily tragedies on the evening news. While accidents are common, the complexity and dynamics of transportation systems can make it challenging to infer where and when incidents may occur, a critical component in planning for where to position resources for emergency response. The use of response resources is critical given that more efficient emergency responses to accidents can decrease the vulnerability of socio-economic systems to perturbations in the transportation system and contribute to greater resilience. To explore the resilience of transportation systems to disruptions due to vehicular accidents, a location modeling approach is described for identifying the origins of optimal responses (and associated response time) over time based upon the location of known accidents and response protocols. The characteristics of the modeled response can then be compared with those of the observed response to gain insights as to how resilience may change over time for different portions of the transportation system. The change in the location of the optimal sites over time or drift, can also be assessed to better understand how changes in the spatial distribution of accidents can affect the nature of the response and system resiliency. The developed approach is applied to investigate the dynamics of accident response and network resiliency over a three year period using vehicular crash information from a comprehensive statewide database.

无论是通勤时间的增加，收货的延误，保险费的增加，服务成本的提高，还是仅仅是吸收晚间新闻中的每日悲剧，大多数人都经历了车辆事故的影响。尽管事故很常见，但运输系统的复杂性和动态性使其难以推断出可能在何时何地发生事故，这对于规划在哪里放置应急资源至关重要。应急资源的使用至关重要，因为对事故的更有效的应急响应可以降低社会经济系统对运输系统扰动的脆弱性，并有助于提高抵御能力。为了探索运输系统对车辆事故造成的破坏的恢复能力，描述了一种位置建模方法，用于基于已知事故的位置和响应协议来识别随时间推移的最佳响应（以及相关的响应时间）的来源。然后可以将建模响应的特征与观察到的响应的特征进行比较，以获取有关运输系统不同部分的弹性如何随时间变化的见解。还可以评估最佳站点的位置随时间或漂移的变化，以更好地了解事故的空间分布变化如何影响响​​应的性质和系统的弹性。所开发的方法适用于使用来自全州范围内的全面数据库的车辆碰撞信息来调查三年期间的事故响应和网络弹性的动态。