The present study evaluated the concentrations, spatial distribution, seasonal variations, potential sources, and risk assessment of organic/inorganic pollutants in ambient air of Tehran city. Totally, 180 air samples were taken from 9 sampling stations from March 2018 to March 2019 and were analyzed to determine the concentrations of organic pollutants (BTEX compounds and PM_2.5-bound PAHs) plus inorganic pollutants (PM_2.5-bound metals and asbestos fibers). The results revealed that the mean concentrations of ∑ PAHs, BTEX, ∑ heavy metals, and asbestos fibers were 5.34 ng/m³, 60.55 µg/m³, 8585.12 ng/m³, and 4.13 fiber/ml in the cold season, respectively, and 3.88 ng/m³, 33.86 µg/m³, 5682.61 ng/m³, and 3.21 fiber/ml in the warm season, respectively. Source apportionment of emission of the air pollutants showed that PAHs are emitted from diesel vehicles and industrial activities. BTEX and asbestos are also released mainly by vehicles. The results of the inhalation-based risk assessment indicated that the carcinogenic risk of PAHs, BTEX, and asbestos exceeded the recommended limit by The US environmental protection agency (US EPA) and WHO (1 × 10^–4). The risk of carcinogenesis of heavy metal of lead and chromium also exceeded the recommended limit. Thus, proper management strategies are required to control the concentration of these pollutants in Tehran's ambient air in order to maintain the health of Tehran’s citizens.

本研究评估了德黑兰市环境空气中有机/无机污染物的浓度，空间分布，季节变化，潜在来源以及风险评估。从2018年3月至2019年3月，总共从9个采样站采集了180个空气样本，并进行了分析以确定有机污染物（BTEX化合物和与PM _2.5结合的PAHs）加上无机污染物（与PM _2.5结合的金属和石棉纤维）的浓度。。结果表明，Σ多环芳烃，BTEX，Σ重金属，和石棉纤维的平均浓度为5.34毫微克/米³，60.55微克/米³，8585.12纳克/米³，和4.13纤维/ ml，在寒冷的季节，分别和3.88纳克/米³，33.86微克/米³，5682.61纳克/米³，和3.21纤维/ ml，在温暖季节，分别。空气污染物排放的来源分摊显示，PAHs是从柴油车辆和工业活动中排放的。BTEX和石棉也主要通过车辆释放。基于吸入的风险评估结果表明，PAHs，BTEX和石棉的致癌风险超过了美国环境保护署（US EPA）和WHO的建议限值（1×10 ^–4）。铅和铬重金属致癌的风险也超过了建议的限值。因此，需要适当的管理策略来控制这些污染物在德黑兰周围空气中的浓度，以维持德黑兰公民的健康。