Natural disasters are unpredictable and uncontrollable events that usually induce significant level of stress and social disruption in afflicted individuals. The consequences are formidable, affecting lifetime health and economic prosperity. Among natural disasters, floods are the most common causes and tend to have the highest economic burden. The aim of this study was to examine factors associated with child resilience in the face of the natural disaster experienced by the city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada during its unprecedented flood of 2013. The current study was conducted in a community-based cohort situated in the city of Calgary. The participants were recruited out of the All Our Families longitudinal cohort within the Cummings School of Medicine at the University of Calgary. Of the total 1711 people contacted, 469 people consented and completed questionnaire. Of those 469 who consented to be part of the study, 467 were eligible to be included for analysis. A flood impact questionnaire was delivered 6 months after the 2013 flood in families whose children were an average of 3 years old. Mother reported questionnaires were used to assess child resilience. The study included maternal data on a range of factors including socio-demographic, history of mental health, relationship with the partner and social support. Child related data were also incorporated into the study, and variables included delivery mode, child sex, and child age at the time of disaster. Child resilience was best predicted by mother’s age and social support, and by child gender, the child’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors and the Rothbart temperament scale: effortful control. Furthermore, this study revealed that children who were more exposed to the flood events, showed higher resilience compared to the children who were less or not exposed. These findings highlight the risk and protective factors that predict child resilience and suggest that mother reported questionnaire are useful tools to assess child resilience amidst early life adversity.

中文翻译：

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面临洪水作为自然灾害的社区队列中儿童复原力的预测因子

自然灾害是不可预测和不可控制的事件，通常会在受灾人员中引起巨大的压力和社会破坏。其后果是可怕的，影响到一生的健康和经济繁荣。在自然灾害中，洪水是最常见的原因，往往带来最高的经济负担。这项研究的目的是研究加拿大艾伯塔省卡尔加里市在2013年史无前例的洪灾中面对自然灾害时与儿童应变能力相关的因素。本研究是在加拿大卡尔加里市。参与者是从卡尔加里大学卡明斯医学院的“我们所有家庭”纵向队列中招募的。在总共联系的1711人中，469人同意并填写了问卷。在同意参加该研究的469名患者中，有467名有资格被纳入分析。在2013年洪水发生后的6个月内，孩子平均3岁的家庭收到了一份洪水影响调查表。母亲报告的问卷用于评估儿童的适应能力。该研究包括有关一系列因素的孕产妇数据，包括社会人口统计学，心理健康史，与伴侣的关系以及社会支持。与儿童有关的数据也纳入了研究，变量包括分娩方式，儿童性别和灾难发生时的儿童年龄。最好通过母亲的年龄和社会支持以及孩子的性别，孩子的外在和内在行为以及罗斯巴特气质量表（努力控制）来预测孩子的适应能力。此外，这项研究表明，与较少或不接触洪水的儿童相比，接触洪水事件较多的儿童显示出更高的复原力。这些发现突出了预测儿童适应能力的风险和保护因素，并表明母亲报告的问卷是评估儿童在早期生活逆境中的适应能力的有用工具。