Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao is one of the most common herbs widely used in South and East Asia, to enhance people’s health and reinforce vital energy. Despite its prevalence, however, the knowledge about phytochemical compositions and metabolite biosynthesis in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao is very limited. An integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis using state-of-the-art UPLC-Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometer and advanced bioinformatics pipeline were conducted to study global metabolic profiles and phytochemical ingredients/biosynthesis in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. A total of 5435 metabolites were detected, from which 2190 were annotated, representing an order of magnitude increase over previously known. Metabolic profiling of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao tissues found contents and synthetic enzymes for phytochemicals were significantly higher in leaf and stem in general, whereas the contents of the main bioactive ingredients were significantly enriched in root, underlying the value of root in herbal remedies. Using integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics data, we illustrated the complete pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and isoflavonoid biosynthesis, in which some were first reported in the herb. More importantly, we discovered novel flavonoid derivatives using informatics method for neutral loss scan, in addition to inferring their likely synthesis pathways in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. The current study represents the most comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis on traditional herb Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao. We demonstrated our integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics approach offers great potentials in discovering novel metabolite structure and associated synthesis pathways. This study provides novel insights into the phytochemical ingredients, metabolite biosynthesis, and complex metabolic network in herbs, highlighting the rich natural resource and nutritional value of traditional herbal plants.

中文翻译：

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传统草药黄芪Bge的综合代谢组学和转录组学研究。变种 蒙古人（肖）揭示了全球代谢特征和新颖的植物化学成分

黄芪。变种 蒙古（Bong。Hsiao）是在南亚和东亚广泛使用的最常见的草药之一，可以增进人们的健康并增强生命力。尽管它很流行，但是有关黄芪的植物化学组成和代谢产物生物合成的知识。变种 蒙古人（Bung。）萧非常有限。使用最先进的UPLC-Q-Orbitrap质谱仪和先进的生物信息学管线对代谢组学和转录组学进行了综合分析，以研究黄芪中的整体代谢谱和植物化学成分/生物合成。变种 蒙古人（小）。总共检测到5435种代谢物，从中注释了2190种，代表比以前已知的数量级增加。黄芪膜Bge的代谢谱。变种 蒙古（蒙古）组织发现，一般而言，叶和茎中植物化学物质的含量和合成酶含量均明显较高，而主要生物活性成分的含量在根中显着丰富，这在草药中具有根的价值。使用综合的代谢组学和转录组学数据，我们阐明了苯丙烷类生物合成，类黄酮生物合成和异类黄酮生物合成的完整途径，其中一些首次在草药中报道。更重要的是，我们除了利用黄芪衍生物推断其可能的合成途径外，还使用信息学方法对中性损失扫描进行了发现，发现了新颖的类黄酮衍生物。变种 蒙古人（小）。当前的研究代表了对传统草药黄芪的最全面的代谢组学和转录组学分析。变种 蒙古人（小）。我们证明了我们整合的代谢组学和转录组学方法为发现新型代谢物结构和相关的合成途径提供了巨大的潜力。这项研究为草药中的植物化学成分，代谢物生物合成和复杂的代谢网络提供了新颖的见解，突出了传统草药植物的丰富自然资源和营养价值。