Background There is an urgent need for context-specific research leading to development of scalable interventions to address self-harm and suicide in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective The current study was conducted to determine the contents of a psychological intervention to reduce recurrence of self-harm and improve functioning in youth who self-harm in India and finalise its delivery mechanisms. Methods A systematic, sequential approach was used to integrate available scientific evidence, expert service providers’ knowledge and experience, and service users’ lived experiences in the codesigning and development of a psychological intervention. The steps included: identifying prioritised outcomes for youth who self-harm as well as a selection of feasible and acceptable elements from self-harm interventions that have been trialled in LMICs, intervention development workshops with mental health professionals and youth to finalise elements, a review of relevant treatment manuals to decide on the treatment framework, and finalising the treatment structure and schedule in the second round of intervention development workshops. Findings We developed ATMAN treatment with three key elements; problem solving, emotion regulation and social network strengthening skills. The delivery schedule emphasises on the engagement elements, and allows for involvement of other stakeholders such as family members when acceptable to the clients. Conclusion and clinical implications ATMAN treatment could prove to be especially effective in reducing self-harm recurrence in youth in India due to its brief schedule, elements that have been selected in collaboration with the service users and its potential to be scaled up for delivery by non-specialist treatment providers.

中文翻译：

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为自残青少年设计简短的心理干预：印度的形成性研究

背景 迫切需要针对特定​​背景的研究，以开发可扩展的干预措施，以解决低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 的自残和自杀问题。目的 本研究旨在确定心理干预的内容，以减少印度自残青少年的自残复发并改善其功能，并最终确定其实施机制。方法 在心理干预的协同设计和开发过程中，采用系统的、顺序的方法来整合可用的科学证据、专家服务提供者的知识和经验以及服务用户的生活经验。这些步骤包括：确定自残青年的优先结果，并从已在 LMIC 试验的自残干预措施中选择可行和可接受的要素，与精神卫生专业人员和青年进行干预发展研讨会以最终确定要素，审查相关治疗手册在第二轮干预开发研讨会中决定治疗框架，并最终确定治疗结构和时间表。结果 我们开发了具有三个关键要素的 ATMAN 治疗；解决问题、情绪调节和社交网络强化技能。交付时间表强调参与要素，并在客户可接受的情况下允许其他利益相关者（例如家庭成员）参与。