The role and underlying mechanism of exosomes derived from human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) in osteogenesis are unclear. In the present study, we identified the exosomes derived from PDLSCs and found that osteogenic induction can enhance the osteogenic ability of PDLSC-derived exosomes in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). To investigate the underlying mechanism, we analyzed the exosomal miRNA expression profiles of undifferentiated and osteogenic differentiated PDLSCs by RNA sequencing. The results showed that seventy-two miRNAs were upregulated and thirty-five miRNAs were downregulated after osteogenic induction. The results of Gene Ontology analysis and pathway analysis demonstrated that the target genes of differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs participate in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, such as catalytic activity, protein binding, metabolic processes, cell development, and differentiation, and are enriched in osteogenic differentiation-related pathways, such as MAPK signaling, AMPK signaling, and insulin signaling pathways. Our results reveal for the first time that the exosomal miRNAs derived from osteogenic differentiated PDLSCs may promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which provides a basis for further research on the regulatory function of exosomal miRNA of PDLSCs during osteogenesis.

中文翻译：

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人类牙周膜干细胞衍生的外来体通过改变MicroRNA谱促进骨再生。

人牙周膜干细胞（PDLSC）衍生的外来体在成骨中的作用和潜在机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们鉴定了源自PDLSC的外泌体，并发现成骨诱导可以增强PDLSC衍生的外泌体在促进大鼠骨髓干细胞（BMSCs）的成骨分化中的成骨能力。为了研究潜在的机制，我们通过RNA测序分析了未分化和成骨分化的PDLSC的外泌体miRNA表达谱。结果表明，成骨诱导后72个miRNA被上调，而35个miRNA被下调。基因本体论分析和途径分析的结果表明，差异表达的外泌体miRNA的靶基因参与了多种生物学过程的调控，例如催化活性，蛋白质结合，代谢过程，细胞发育和分化，并且被丰富在成骨分化相关的途径中，例如MAPK信号传导，AMPK信号传导和胰岛素信号传导途径。我们的结果首次揭示了由成骨分化的PDLSCs衍生的外泌体miRNA可能促进了BMSCs的成骨分化，这为进一步研究PDLSCs的外泌体miRNA在成骨过程中的调控功能提供了基础。和分化，并且富含成骨分化相关的途径，例如MAPK信号传导，AMPK信号传导和胰岛素信号传导途径。我们的结果首次揭示了由成骨分化的PDLSCs衍生的外泌体miRNA可能促进了BMSCs的成骨分化，这为进一步研究PDLSCs的外泌体miRNA在成骨过程中的调控功能提供了基础。和分化，并富含成骨分化相关的途径，例如MAPK信号传导，AMPK信号传导和胰岛素信号传导途径。我们的结果首次揭示了由成骨分化的PDLSCs衍生的外泌体miRNA可能促进了BMSCs的成骨分化，这为进一步研究PDLSCs的外泌体miRNA在成骨过程中的调控功能提供了基础。