Although the blue light photoreceptors cryptochromes mediate the expression of genes related to reactive oxygen species, whether cryptochrome 1a (cry1a) regulates local and long-distance signaling of water deficit in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is unknown. Thus the cry1a tomato mutant and its wild-type (WT) were reciprocally grafted (WT/WT; cry1a/cry1a; WT/cry1a; cry1a/WT; as scion/rootstock) or grown on their own roots (WT and cry1a) under irrigated and water deficit conditions. Plant growth, pigmentation, oxidative stress, water relations, stomatal characteristics and leaf gas exchange were measured. WT and cry1a plants grew similarly under irrigated conditions, whereas cry1a plants had less root biomass and length and higher tissue malondialdehyde concentrations under water deficit. Despite greater oxidative stress, cry1a maintained chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations in drying soil. Lower stomatal density of cry1a likely increased its leaf relative water content (RWC). In grafted plants, scion genotype largely determined shoot and root biomass accumulation irrespective of water deficit. In chimeric plants grown in drying soil, cry1a rootstocks increased RWC while WT rootstocks maintained photosynthesis of cry1a scions. Manipulating tomato CRY1a may enhance plant drought tolerance by altering leaf pigmentation and gas exchange during soil drying via local and long-distance effects.

中文翻译：

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番茄的隐花色素 1a 介导土壤水分亏缺的长距离信号

尽管蓝光光感受器隐花色素介导了与活性氧相关的基因的表达，但隐花色素 1a (cry1a) 是否调节番茄 (Solanum lycopersicum L.) 缺水的局部和远距离信号传导尚不清楚。因此，cry1a 番茄突变体及其野生型（WT）被相互嫁接（WT/WT；cry1a/cry1a；WT/cry1a；cry1a/WT；作为接穗/砧木）或在它们自己的根上生长（WT 和 cry1a）灌溉和缺水条件。测量了植物生长、色素沉着、氧化应激、水分关系、气孔特征和叶片气体交换。WT 和cry1a 植物在灌溉条件下生长相似，而cry1a 植物在缺水条件下具有较少的根生物量和长度以及较高的组织丙二醛浓度。尽管有更大的氧化应激，Cry1a 维持干燥土壤中的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素浓度。Cry1a 较低的气孔密度可能会增加其叶片相对含水量 (RWC)。在嫁接植物中，接穗基因型在很大程度上决定了芽和根生物量的积累，而与水分缺乏无关。在干燥土壤中生长的嵌合植物中，cry1a 砧木增加了 RWC，而 WT 砧木保持了 cry1a 接穗的光合作用。操纵番茄 CRY1a 可以通过局部和远距离效应改变土壤干燥过程中的叶片色素沉着和气体交换，从而增强植物的耐旱性。在干燥土壤中生长的嵌合植物中，cry1a 砧木增加了 RWC，而 WT 砧木保持了 cry1a 接穗的光合作用。操纵番茄 CRY1a 可以通过局部和远距离效应改变土壤干燥过程中的叶片色素沉着和气体交换，从而增强植物的耐旱性。在干燥土壤中生长的嵌合植物中，cry1a 砧木增加了 RWC，而 WT 砧木保持了 cry1a 接穗的光合作用。操纵番茄 CRY1a 可以通过局部和远距离效应改变土壤干燥过程中的叶片色素沉着和气体交换，从而增强植物的耐旱性。