Using the “chiral pool” approach, two modified total syntheses of the biologically active δ-lactone cleistenolide (1) have been achieved starting from d-glucose. These approaches also enabled the preparation of novel analogues and derivatives of natural product 1. The applied strategy for the synthesis of 1 involves: the initial degradation of the chiral precursor for a single C-atom, C₂-fragment chain extension using Z-selective Wittig reaction, and the final δ-lactonization. All tested cleistenolide analogues displayed antimicrobial activity against a panel of nine microbial strains, most of them superseding the activity of cleistenolide itself, and, in some cases, coming close in value to the observed minimal inhibitory concentrations of chloramphenicol. Increased lipophilicity of the derivatives and the non-sterically congested conjugated lactone moiety were a prerequisite for analogues with high inhibitory activity against S. aureus and, in general, Gram-positive bacteria.

使用“手性池”方法，已经从d-葡萄糖开始实现了生物活性 δ-内酯 cleistenolide ( 1 ) 的两种改进的全合成。这些方法也使天然产物1的新型类似物和衍生物的制备成为可能。合成1的应用策略包括：单个 C 原子的手性前体的初始降解，C ₂-使用 Z-选择性 Wittig 反应的片段链延伸，以及最终的 δ-内酯化。所有测试的 cleistenolide 类似物对一组 9 种微生物菌株都显示出抗菌活性，其中大多数取代了 cleistenolide 本身的活性，并且在某些情况下，其价值接近观察到的氯霉素的最小抑制浓度。衍生物的亲脂性增加和非空间拥挤的共轭内酯部分是对金黄色葡萄球菌和一般革兰氏阳性菌具有高抑制活性的类似物的先决条件。