Abstract Interest in land-based farms using recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for market-size Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) continues to grow, and several commercial facilities are already rearing fish. Performance data for commercially available mixed-sex, all-female, and triploid all-female Atlantic salmon reared to market-size in freshwater land-based facilities, however, are limited, particularly for European strain fish. Accordingly, eight groups of European-sourced Atlantic salmon (five groups of diploid mixed-sex, two groups of diploid all-female, and one group of triploid all-female fish) were reared from eyed egg to market-size in a semi-commercial scale land-based aquaculture systems over five separate production cycles to quantify performance metrics. Fish reached market-size (4-5 kg) in 24.7 to 26.3 months post-hatch. Fish were reared at a mean water temperature of 12.3-13.7 °C from first feeding to a mean size of 466 to 1265 g, then 13.3-15.1 °C during growout. On average, all-female groups grew faster than mixed-sex groups; however, environmental conditions and performance of individual cohorts varied. In a comingled production cycle, diploid all-female salmon grew faster than triploid counterparts. Early maturation rates ranged from 0 % to 67 %, with a mean maturation rate of 34 % for diploid mixed-sex fish and 67 % and 13 % for two diploid all-female groups, respectively. Triploid all-female Atlantic salmon did not mature. This research confirms biological and technological feasibility of growing Atlantic salmon to market-size in land-based systems but controlling early maturation of diploid salmon remained a challenge under the conditions utilized in these trials. This research provides important data inputs to optimize operational and financial projections for existing and potential land-based Atlantic salmon farms.

中文翻译：

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在陆基淡水封闭式水产养殖系统中生产市场规模的欧洲品种大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）

摘要 对使用循环水产养殖系统 (RAS) 养殖市场规模的大西洋鲑鱼 (Salmo salar) 的陆基养殖场的兴趣持续增长，并且一些商业设施已经在养殖鱼类。然而，在淡水陆基设施中养殖至市场规格的市售混合性别、全雌性和三倍体全雌性大西洋鲑鱼的性能数据有限，尤其是欧洲品种的鱼。因此，将八组欧洲产的大西洋鲑鱼（五组二倍体混合性别、两组二倍体全雌鱼和一组三倍体全雌鱼）在半育​​种中从有眼卵饲养到上市规格。商业规模的陆基水产养殖系统超过五个独立的生产周期，以量化性能指标。鱼在孵化后 24.7 至 26.3 个月内达到上市规格（4-5 公斤）。鱼在平均水温 12.3-13.7 °C 下饲养，从第一次喂食到平均大小为 466 到 1265 克，然后在养成期间的 13.3-15.1 °C。平均而言，全女性群体的增长速度快于混合性别群体；然而，各个群体的环境条件和表现各不相同。在混合生产周期中，二倍体全雌性鲑鱼的生长速度比三倍体鲑鱼快。早熟率从 0% 到 67% 不等，二倍体混合性别鱼的平均成熟率为 34%，两个二倍体全雌鱼组的平均成熟率分别为 67% 和 13%。三倍体全雌性大西洋鲑鱼没有成熟。这项研究证实了在陆基系统中将大西洋鲑鱼养殖到市场规模的生物学和技术可行性，但在这些试验中使用的条件下，控制二倍体鲑鱼的过早成熟仍然是一个挑战。这项研究提供了重要的数据输入，以优化现有和潜在的陆基大西洋鲑鱼养殖场的运营和财务预测。