An aluminum vapor chamber for the thermal management of a rectangular battery cell was fabricated, and its thermal performance was thoroughly investigated according to the working fluid, cooling plate placement, and filling ratio. The heat-generation from the battery cell was simulated using a flexible surface heater with the size of 90 × 90 mm², and the heat transfer rate was varied from 2 to 40 W. The vapor chamber with the size of 138 × 90 mm² comprised two aluminum plates with the thickness of 2.5 and 1.5 mm, respectively. One plate has a porous layer with a thickness of 500 μm inside, and the other has a grooved channel with the depths of 1.0 and 1.5 mm for the flow passage of the vapor. The aluminum vapor chamber using acetone as working fluid showed better thermal performance than that using HFE-7100, owing to the superior wicking capability. The vapor chamber showed the best performance at the filling ratio of 25%, irrespective of the heat transfer rate. At the low filling ratio of 10%, the vapor chamber exhibited a partial dry-out as the heat transfer rate increases. At the high filling ratio of 66%, the thermal performance was much degraded owing to the reduction of the active area involved in the evaporative heat transfer. The thermal performance of the vapor chamber was compared with a solid aluminum plate using an actual lithium-ion battery cell, where the temperature increase of the cell employing the vapor chamber was reduced by 41% and 61% during charging and discharging processes, respectively.

制造了用于矩形电池组热管理的铝蒸气室，并根据工作流体，冷却板放置和填充率对其热性能进行了彻底研究。使用尺寸为90×90 mm ²的柔性表面加热器模拟了电池的发热，传热速率在2到40 W之间变化。蒸汽室的尺寸为138×90 mm ²由两个厚度分别为2.5和1.5毫米的铝板组成。一块板的内部有一个厚度为500μm的多孔层，另一块板则具有一个沟槽通道，其深度为1.0和1.5 mm，用于蒸汽的通过。由于具有卓越的芯吸能力，与使用HFE-7100相比，使用丙酮作为工作流体的铝蒸气腔室具有更好的热性能。蒸汽室在填充率为25％时表现出最佳性能，而与传热速率无关。在10％的低填充率下，随着传热速率的增加，蒸气室会部分变干。在66％的高填充率下，由于蒸发热传递中涉及的有效面积的减少，热性能大大降低。