The current study was conducted to assess the level of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contamination (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, As, Cd, and Ni) in surface soils from Arak city. Arak, which is an industrial city, is a prominent center of chemicals, metal/electric, manufacturing factories, and other industries. Forty-three surface soil samples were collected from 0–20 cm after removing the visible surface contamination in the dry season in June 2017. Metal concentrations were found highly variable, ranging from 174–3950 mg/kg for Cu, 181–3740 mg/kg for Pb, 48–186 mg/kg for Zn, 105–1721 mg/kg for Ni, 0.8–0.9 mg/kg for As, 114–1624 mg/kg for Cr, and 3.45–12.36 mg/kg for Cd. The results of geochemical fraction indicated that the main components of Pb, Cr, and Zn at most of the sampling sites are Fe–Mn bound/reducible. Meanwhile, the residual fraction is the dominant fraction of sequence extraction for Ni, Cu, and Cd. Higher values of reducible bound for Pb, Cr, and Zn, as well as a considerable percentage of Ni, Cu, and Cd, imply that the main source of the studied PTEs (except As) in the study area is both anthropogenic and geogenic inputs. The results of principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis, enrichment factor (EF), enrichment index (EI), and top enrichment factor (TEF) confirm that Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Zn had a similar anthropogenic source which is confirmed by geochemical fractionation analysis. Carcinogenic risks (CR) of studied PTEs were estimated to be higher than the target limit of 1.0E-06, for adults and children except for Cr with values of 5.91E-04, and 3.81E-04 for children and adults, respectively. Higher CR values of Cr compared to other PTEs in Arak surface soil demonstrate that living target populations, including children and adults, particularly children, are more at risk of carcinogenic risks of PTEs. ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb ratios of the collected samples indicated that Pb in Arak surface sample was derived from industrial inputs and deposition, as well as re-suspension vehicle exhaust emission from previously leaded gasoline. The findings concerning the applied end-member contribution of geogenic and industrial and vehicle emission represented that the contribution could vary from 68.0% to 15% (mean: 39.3) for industrial emission, 65% to 19% for vehicle exhaust (mean: 39), and 46% to 10% (mean: 21.6) for geogenic sources.

目前的研究旨在评估阿拉克市地表土壤中潜在有毒元素 (PTE) 污染（铜、铅、锌、铬、砷、镉和镍）的水平。阿拉克是一座工业城市，是化工、金属/电气、制造工厂和其他行业的重要中心。在 2017 年 6 月的旱季去除可见的表面污染后，在 0-20 厘米处收集了 43 个表层土壤样品。发现金属浓度变化很大，范围为 174-3950 毫克/千克，铜为 181-3740 毫克/千克。 kg 铅，48–186 mg/kg Zn，105–1721 mg/kg Ni，0.8–0.9 mg/kg As，114–1624 mg/kg Cr，3.45–12.36 mg/kg Cd。地球化学分数的结果表明，大多数采样点的 Pb、Cr 和 Zn 的主要成分是 Fe-Mn 结合/可还原的。同时，残余部分是 Ni、Cu 和 Cd 序列提取的主要部分。Pb、Cr 和 Zn 的可还原界限值较高，以及 Ni、Cu 和 Cd 的百分比较高，这意味着研究区域中研究的 PTE（除了 As）的主要来源是人为和地质输入. 主成分分析（PCA）、相关分析、富集因子（EF）、富集指数（EI）和顶部富集因子（TEF）结果证实，Pb、Ni、Cu、Cr、Cd和Zn具有相似的人为地球化学分馏分析证实的来源。所研究的 PTE 的致癌风险 (CR) 估计高于成人和儿童的目标限值 1.0E-06，但 Cr 值分别为 5.91E-04 和 3.81E-04，儿童和成人除外。所收集样品的²⁰⁶ Pb/ ²⁰⁷ Pb 比率表明，Arak 地表样品中的 Pb 来自工业投入和沉积，以及以前含铅汽油的再悬浮汽车尾气排放。关于地质成因、工业和车辆排放的应用端元贡献的调查结果表明，工业排放的贡献可能从 68.0% 到 15%（平均值：39.3），汽车尾气的贡献可能从 65% 到 19%（平均值：39）不等。和 46% 到 10%（平均值：21.6）对于地质来源。