With the gradual increase in mining depth of coal resource exploitation, deep backfilling mining has effectively solved the impact of strong deep mine pressure and strong mining disturbances. However, after deep backfilling mining, the backfilling material is subjected to high stress for a long time, and its viscoelasticity has a significant impact on the roof control effect. This paper uses a large-scale bulk confinement test device to analyze the viscoelastic properties of gangue, establishes a high-precision fractional viscoelastic creep model, and identifies the gangue parameters. The established fractional viscoelastic model was used as the foundation model of the beam, and the roof model based on the fractional viscoelastic foundation was solved. The top deformation characteristics of elastic foundation and fractional foundation were compared and analyzed, and the time effect, viscoelastic effect, and order effect of the fractional order viscoelastic foundation beam were discussed. The results show that the viscosity of gangue increased under the action of deep high stress. As time increased, the roof deformation also increased. In order to more effectively control the long-term deformation of the roof, the viscosity coefficient of the backfilling material should be greater than 20 MPa. This research provides relevant guidance for the requirements of backfilling materials for deep backfilling mining and the prediction of long-term dynamic deformation of the roof in underground excavations.

中文翻译：

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回填开采深脉石充填材料非线性蠕变模型及顶板变形时效特性

随着煤炭资源开采开采深度的逐渐增加，深部回填开采有效地解决了深部井压强、开采扰动强的影响。但深部回填开采后，回填材料长期承受高应力，其粘弹性对顶板控制效果有显着影响。本文采用大型体约束试验装置分析脉石粘弹性能，建立高精度分数粘弹性蠕变模型，识别脉石参数。将建立的分数粘弹性模型作为梁的地基模型，求解基于分数粘弹性地基的屋盖模型。对比分析了弹性地基和分次地基的顶部变形特性，讨论了分次粘弹性地基梁的时间效应、粘弹性效应和阶次效应。结果表明，在深部高应力作用下，脉石黏度增加。随着时间的增加，屋顶变形也增加。为了更有效地控制顶板的长期变形，回填材料的黏度系数应大于20MPa。该研究为深部回填开采对回填材料的要求以及地下开挖顶板长期动态变形的预测提供了相关指导。并讨论了分数阶粘弹性基础梁的阶次效应。结果表明，在深部高应力作用下，脉石黏度增加。随着时间的增加，屋顶变形也增加。为了更有效地控制顶板的长期变形，回填材料的黏度系数应大于20MPa。该研究为深部回填开采对回填材料的要求以及地下开挖顶板长期动态变形的预测提供了相关指导。并讨论了分数阶粘弹性基础梁的阶次效应。结果表明，在深部高应力作用下，脉石黏度增加。随着时间的增加，屋顶变形也增加。为了更有效地控制顶板的长期变形，回填材料的黏度系数应大于20MPa。该研究为深部回填开采对回填材料的要求以及地下开挖顶板长期动态变形的预测提供了相关指导。为了更有效地控制顶板的长期变形，回填材料的黏度系数应大于20MPa。该研究为深部回填开采对回填材料的要求以及地下开挖顶板长期动态变形的预测提供了相关指导。为了更有效地控制顶板的长期变形，回填材料的黏度系数应大于20MPa。该研究为深部回填开采对回填材料的要求以及地下开挖顶板长期动态变形的预测提供了相关指导。