ABSTRACT

Tidal flat reclamation generates several excavated saline-sodic soil slopes. However, there are limited studies on the hydraulic flow characteristics and dynamic erodibility of saline-sodic soil slopes. This study was conducted to quantify the effects of the soil bulk density (1.35 and 1.40 g cm⁻³), rainfall intensity (85, 110, and 125 mm h⁻¹), and slope gradient (11°, 22°, and 35°) on the hydraulic characteristics and soil erodibility of saline–sodic soil slopes under simulated rainfall conditions. The mean sediment loss significantly increases with the slope gradient (pr = 0.9, p < 0.01), rainfall intensity (pr = 0.6, p < 0.05), and soil bulk density (pr = 0.6, p < 0.05). The hydraulic shear stress (τ) and stream power (ω) are good sediment loss predictors for all soil bulk densities (R² = 0.4 and 0.6). The stream power equation S_L = K_ω (ω − ω_cr ) outperforms both hydraulic shear stress equations [S_L = K_τ (τ − τ_cr )^3/2; S_L = K_τ (τ − τ_cr )]. In most cases, the soil erodibility exponentially increases to a maximum and then exponentially decreases (R² > 0.6). Consequently, the dynamic changes in the saline-sodic soil erodibility during a rainfall event cannot be neglected.

摘要

滩涂开垦会产生一些开挖的盐碱土坡。但是，盐碱土质边坡的水力流动特性和动态侵蚀性研究很少。进行这项研究以量化土壤容重（1.35和1.40 g cm ^-3），降雨强度（85、110和125 mm h ^-1）和坡度梯度（11 °，22 °和35）的影响°）在模拟降雨条件下盐碱土坡的水力特性和土壤易蚀性。平均沉积物损失随坡度梯度（pr = 0.9，p <0.01），降雨强度（pr = 0.6，p <0.05）和土壤容重（pr = 0.6，p <0.05）显着增加。水力剪切应力（对于所有土壤容重（R ^2分别为0.4和0.6），τ和流功率（ω）是良好的泥沙流失预测指标。流功率方程小号_大号= K _ω（ω - ω _CR）优于两个液压剪应力方程[小号_大号= K _τ（τ - τ _CR）^3/2 ; 小号_大号= K _τ（τ - τ _CR）。在大多数情况下，土壤可蚀性呈指数增长到最大值，然后呈指数下降（R ² > 0.6）。因此，不能忽略降雨事件期间盐碱土壤易蚀性的动态变化。