Technological advancements in the field of mobile devices and wearable sensors have helped overcome obstacles in the delivery of care, making it possible to deliver behavioral treatments anytime and anywhere. Here, we discuss our work on the design of a mobile health smoking cessation intervention study with the goal of assessing whether reminders, delivered at times of stress, result in a reduction/prevention of stress in the near-term and whether this effect changes with time in study. Multiple statistical challenges arose in this effort, leading to the development of the stratified micro-randomized trial design. In these designs each individual is randomized to treatment repeatedly at times determined by predictions of risk. These risk times may be impacted by prior treatment. We describe the statistical challenges and detail how they can be met.

中文翻译：

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分层的微随机试验设计：检验时变治疗的嵌套因果效应的样本量注意事项

移动设备和可穿戴传感器领域的技术进步帮助克服了护理提供过程中的障碍，从而可以随时随地提供行为治疗。在这里，我们讨论有关移动健康戒烟干预研究设计的工作，其目的是评估在压力时发出的提醒是否会在短期内减少/预防压力，以及这种影响是否随时间而改变。学习时间。在这项工作中出现了多个统计挑战，从而导致了分层的微观随机试验设计的发展。在这些设计中，每个个体在由风险预测所确定的时间随机重复进行治疗。这些风险时间可能会受到先前治疗的影响。我们描述了统计挑战，并详细说明了如何应对它们。