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Seismic dispersion and attenuation in Mancos shale – laboratory measurements
Geophysical Prospecting ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2478.13056
V. Mikhaltsevitch 1 , M. Lebedev 1 , M. Pervukhina 2 , B. Gurevich 1
Affiliation  

We present the results of a low‐frequency study of Mancos shale, where we first elaborate a stress–strain methodology of laboratory low‐frequency experiments to estimate the elastic moduli of shales, and then apply this methodology to investigate the influence of partial water saturation on the elastic and anelastic parameters, velocities and P‐wave anisotropy of Mancos shale. We also analyse the applicability of the anisotropic Gassmann theory for predictions of the stiffness tensor components of the water‐saturated shale with non‐expandable clay content presented in our case by illite (33%) and chamosite (9.1%) minerals. The effect of water saturation was studied using two samples drilled in vertical and parallel directions to the formation bedding. The experiments were carried out at a confining pressure of 10 MPa in the frequency range from 0.1 to 100 Hz. Prior to measurements, the samples were saturated in desiccators at six different values of relative humidity ranging from 9% to 97.5%. The results of our study demonstrate a reduction of Young's modulus and P‐wave anisotropy with saturation accompanied by a decrease in shear stiffnesses. The latter indicates the inapplicability of the anisotropic Gassmann theory to Mancos shale. Our measurements of attenuation carried out on the vertical and horizontal samples saturated at a relative humidity of 97.5% revealed prominent attenuation peaks associated with partial saturation. We showed that the measurement results of the attenuation and Young's modulus dispersion are consistent with the causality principle presented by the Kramers–Kronig relations.

中文翻译:

Mancos页岩中的地震扩散和衰减–实验室测量

我们介绍了Mancos页岩的低频研究结果,在该研究中,我们首先阐述了实验室低频实验的应力应变方法,以估算页岩的弹性模量,然后将该方法用于研究部分含水饱和度的影响Mancos页岩的弹性和非弹性参数,速度和P波各向异性。我们还分析了各向异性Gassmann理论在预测我们案例中由伊利石(33%)和绿铁矿(9.1%)矿物提出的含非膨胀黏土含量的水饱和页岩的刚度张量分量的适用性。使用在与地层垂直和平行方向上钻的两个样品研究了水饱和度的影响。实验是在10 MPa的限制压力下,从0的频率范围内进行的。1至100 Hz。在测量之前,将样品在干燥器中以9%至97.5%的六个不同相对湿度值饱和。我们的研究结果表明,杨氏模量和P波各向异性随着饱和度的降低而降低,且剪切刚度降低。后者表明各向异性Gassmann理论不适用于Mancos页岩。我们对在97.5%的相对湿度下饱和的垂直和水平样品进行的衰减测量显示出与部分饱和相关的突出衰减峰。我们表明,衰减和杨氏模量色散的测量结果与Kramers-Kronig关系提出的因果关系原理一致。样品在干燥器中以9%到97.5%的六个相对湿度值饱和。我们的研究结果表明,杨氏模量和P波各向异性随着饱和度的降低而降低,且剪切刚度降低。后者表明各向异性Gassmann理论不适用于Mancos页岩。我们对在97.5%的相对湿度下饱和的垂直和水平样品进行的衰减测量显示出与部分饱和相关的突出衰减峰。我们表明,衰减和杨氏模量色散的测量结果与Kramers-Kronig关系提出的因果关系原理一致。样品在干燥器中以9%到97.5%的六个相对湿度值饱和。我们的研究结果表明,杨氏模量和P波各向异性随着饱和度的降低而降低,且剪切刚度降低。后者表明各向异性Gassmann理论不适用于Mancos页岩。我们对在97.5%的相对湿度下饱和的垂直和水平样品进行的衰减测量显示出与部分饱和相关的突出衰减峰。我们表明,衰减和杨氏模量色散的测量结果与Kramers-Kronig关系提出的因果关系原理一致。我们的研究结果表明,杨氏模量和P波各向异性随着饱和度的降低而降低,且剪切刚度降低。后者表明各向异性Gassmann理论不适用于Mancos页岩。我们对在97.5%的相对湿度下饱和的垂直和水平样品进行的衰减测量显示出与部分饱和相关的突出衰减峰。我们表明,衰减和杨氏模量色散的测量结果与Kramers-Kronig关系提出的因果关系原理一致。我们的研究结果表明,杨氏模量和P波各向异性随着饱和度的降低而降低,而剪切刚度也随之降低。后者表明各向异性Gassmann理论不适用于Mancos页岩。我们对在97.5%的相对湿度下饱和的垂直和水平样品进行的衰减测量显示出与部分饱和相关的突出衰减峰。我们表明,衰减和杨氏模量色散的测量结果与Kramers-Kronig关系提出的因果关系原理一致。我们对在97.5%的相对湿度下饱和的垂直和水平样品进行的衰减测量显示出与部分饱和相关的突出衰减峰。我们表明,衰减和杨氏模量色散的测量结果与Kramers-Kronig关系提出的因果关系原理一致。我们对在97.5%的相对湿度下饱和的垂直和水平样品进行的衰减测量显示出与部分饱和相关的突出衰减峰。我们表明,衰减和杨氏模量色散的测量结果与Kramers-Kronig关系提出的因果关系原理一致。
更新日期:2020-11-16
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