Verticillium wilt diseases caused by the soil‐borne fungus Verticillium dahliae result in devastating yield losses in many economically important crops annually. Here, we identified a novel ethylene‐inducing xylanase (EIX)‐like protein, VdEIX3, from V. dahliae, which exhibits immunity‐inducing activity in Nicotiana benthamiana. In vitro‐purified VdEIX3 can induce strong oxidative burst, activate the expression of defense‐related genes, and increase resistance against oomycete and fungal pathogens in N. benthamiana. VdEIX3 orthologs of other Verticillium pathogens also induce cell death in N. benthamiana, which form a new type of EIX protein family that is distinct from the known EIX proteins. A leucine‐rich repeat receptor‐like protein, NbEIX2, regulates the perception of VdEIX3 in N. benthamiana. Our results demonstrate that VdEIX3 is a novel EIX‐like protein that can be recognized by N. benthamiana NbEIX2, and also suggest that NbEIX2 is a promising receptor‐like protein that is potentially applicable to transgenic breeding for improving resistance to Verticillium wilt diseases.

中文翻译：

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本氏烟草 LRR-RLP NbEIX2 介导大丽轮枝菌 EIX 样蛋白的感知

黄萎病枯萎疾病引起的土传真菌黄萎病菌导致每年在许多经济上重要的作物毁灭性的产量损失。在这里，我们从大丽花中鉴定了一种新的乙烯诱导木聚糖酶 (EIX) 样蛋白 VdEIX3 ，它在本氏烟草中表现出免疫诱导活性。体外纯化的 VdEIX3 可以诱导强氧化爆发，激活防御相关基因的表达，并增加对本氏烟草中卵菌和真菌病原体的抵抗力。其他轮枝菌病原体的VdEIX3 直向同源物也诱导本氏烟草中的细胞死亡，形成了不同于已知 EIX 蛋白的新型 EIX 蛋白家族。富含亮氨酸的重复受体样蛋白 NbEIX2 调节本氏烟草中 VdEIX3 的感知。我们的研究结果表明，VdEIX3 是一种新型 EIX 样蛋白，可以被本氏烟草NbEIX2识别，并且还表明 NbEIX2 是一种很有前景的受体样蛋白，可能适用于转基因育种，以提高对黄萎病的抗性。