Abstract In Nature, there are a large range of tough, strong, lightweight and multifunctional structures that can be an inspiration to better performing materials. This work presents a review of structures found in Nature, from biological ceramics and ceramics composites, biological polymers and polymers composites, biological cellular materials, biological elastomers to functional biological materials, and their main toughening mechanisms, envisaging potential mimicking approaches that can be applied in advanced continuous fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite structures. For this, the most common engineering composite manufacturing processes and current composite damage mitigation approaches are analysed. This aims at establishing the constraints of biomimetic approaches development as these bioinspired structures are to be manufactured by composite technologies. Combining both Nature approaches and engineering composites developments is a route for the design and manufacturing of high mechanical performance and multifunctional composite structures, therefore new bioinspired solutions are proposed.

中文翻译：

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用于增韧纤维增强聚合物复合材料的仿生方法

摘要 在自然界中，有大量坚韧、坚固、轻便和多功能的结构，它们可以成为性能更好的材料的灵感来源。这项工作回顾了自然界中发现的结构，从生物陶瓷和陶瓷复合材料、生物聚合物和聚合物复合材料、生物细胞材料、生物弹性体到功能性生物材料，以及它们的主要增韧机制，设想了可应用于以下方面的潜在模仿方法先进的连续纤维增强聚合物 (FRP) 复合结构。为此，分析了最常见的工程复合材料制造工艺和当前的复合材料损伤缓解方法。这旨在建立仿生方法开发的限制，因为这些仿生结构将通过复合技术制造。结合自然方法和工程复合材料的发展是设计和制造高机械性能和多功能复合结构的途径，因此提出了新的仿生解决方案。