During winter wheat production, aphids need to be controlled with pesticides for the entire growth period. Controlled-release technology has been regarded as an alternative method for the improvement of pesticide efficiency. This study investigated two types of imidacloprid controlled-release granule (CR-GR): 2% imidacloprid CR-GR and 0.2% imidacloprid pesticide-fertilizer controlled-release granule (PF-CR-GR) when wheat was sown in winter. The release performance, utilization rate, terminal residues in edible parts, control effect on aphids, and achieved winter wheat yield were evaluated for both laboratory experiments and field application. Imidacloprid PF-CR-GR released more quickly in aqueous medium than CR-GR because of its good water solubility. After CR-GR treatments, the concentrations in wheat roots and soil were similar throughout the entire sampling period, and the concentrations in shoots were about 10–20% of those in roots. Imidacloprid was better absorbed when CR-GR was used as root treatment, compared with foliar treatment. Field application showed that imidacloprid CR-GR and PF-CR-GR controlled aphids throughout the entire growth period of winter wheat and improved the wheat yield. These findings identified application of imidacloprid CR-GR and PF-CR-GR on winter wheat as an effective way to enhance the pesticide utilization rate and ensure adequate yield. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the scientific use of pesticides and guides scientific pesticide application.

在冬小麦生产过程中，整个生长期都需要使用农药控制蚜虫。控释技术已被视为提高农药效率的替代方法。这项研究调查了两种类型的吡虫啉控释颗粒（CR-GR）：冬天播种小麦时，吡虫啉2％吡虫啉CR-GR和吡虫啉0.2％农药肥料控释颗粒（PF-CR-GR）。通过室内试验和田间试验，评价了其释放性能，利用率，可食部分的终端残留，对蚜虫的防治效果以及冬小麦的单产。吡虫啉PF-CR-GR由于其良好的水溶性，因此在水性介质中的释放比CR-GR更快。经过CR-GR处理后，在整个采样期间，小麦根和土壤中的浓度相似，而芽中的浓度约为根中的浓度的10–20％。与叶面处理相比，使用CR-GR进行根处理时，吡虫啉的吸收更好。田间应用表明，吡虫啉CR-GR和PF-CR-GR在整个冬小麦生育期控制蚜虫，提高了小麦产量。这些发现确定吡虫啉CR-GR和PF-CR-GR在冬小麦上的应用是提高农药利用率和确保充足产量的有效途径。本文为农药的科学应用提供理论依据，指导农药的科学应用。与叶面处理相比，使用CR-GR进行根处理时，吡虫啉的吸收更好。田间应用表明，吡虫啉CR-GR和PF-CR-GR在整个冬小麦生育期控制蚜虫，提高了小麦产量。这些发现确定吡虫啉CR-GR和PF-CR-GR在冬小麦上的应用是提高农药利用率和确保充足产量的有效途径。本文为农药的科学应用提供理论依据，指导农药的科学应用。与叶面处理相比，使用CR-GR进行根处理时，吡虫啉的吸收更好。田间应用表明，吡虫啉CR-GR和PF-CR-GR在整个冬小麦生育期控制蚜虫，提高了小麦产量。这些发现确定吡虫啉CR-GR和PF-CR-GR在冬小麦上的应用是提高农药利用率和确保充足产量的有效途径。本文为农药的科学应用提供理论依据，指导农药的科学应用。这些发现确定吡虫啉CR-GR和PF-CR-GR在冬小麦上的应用是提高农药利用率和确保充足产量的有效途径。本文为农药的科学应用提供理论依据，指导农药的科学应用。这些发现确定吡虫啉CR-GR和PF-CR-GR在冬小麦上的应用是提高农药利用率和确保充足产量的有效途径。本文为农药的科学应用提供理论依据，指导农药的科学应用。