The nano scale zero valent iron (nZVI) is the most used material in the remediation process. The inclusion of sustainability in the remediation process has also been gaining prominence. Sustainable remediation seeks to consider the environmental, economic and social impacts of remediation. Thus, this article aims to: (i) identify and describe nZVI production methods and (ii) evaluate their environmental aspects. Thus, this research was carried out in two stages. The first consisted of systematic bibliographical research to identify and describe nZVI production methods. In the second stage, an environmental analysis of the methods was performed considering the methodology of life cycle inventory assessment. Based on the inventory analysis, a classification of environmental aspects was performed, which included criteria, icons and a color scale. Nine nZVI production methods were identified, which comprised different technologies and processes. All methods had negative environmental aspects, such as high energy consumption, waste, wastewater generation and atmospheric emissions. In the classification of methods with regard to environmental aspects, the milling method had the best score, and the ultrasonic wave method the worst. Overall, this study contributes significantly to the detailed knowledge of nZVI synthesis methods in relation to production processes and their environmental aspects.

纳米级零价铁（nZVI）是修复过程中使用最多的材料。在补救过程中纳入可持续性也日益受到重视。可持续补救措施旨在考虑补救措施的环境，经济和社会影响。因此，本文旨在：（i）识别和描述nZVI生产方法，以及（ii）评估其环境方面。因此，这项研究分两个阶段进行。首先是系统的书目研究，以鉴定和描述nZVI的生产方法。在第二阶段，考虑了生命周期清单评估的方法对方法进行了环境分析。基于清单分析，对环境方面进行了分类，其中包括标准，图标和色标。确定了九种nZVI生产方法，其中包括不同的技术和工艺。所有方法都不利于环境，例如高能耗，浪费，废水产生和大气排放。在环境方面的方法分类中，铣削方法得分最高，而超声波方法最差。总体而言，这项研究为有关生产工艺及其环境方面的nZVI合成方法的详细知识做出了重要贡献。铣削法得分最高，超声波法最差。总体而言，这项研究为有关生产工艺及其环境方面的nZVI合成方法的详细知识做出了重要贡献。铣削法得分最高，超声波法最差。总体而言，这项研究为有关生产工艺及其环境方面的nZVI合成方法的详细知识做出了重要贡献。