In this work, the performance of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) in simultaneously enhancing the total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activities of India Moringa oleifera L. leaves (MOLs) was analyzed by using response surface methodology (RSM). Based on the results of the single-factor experiment, a three-factor five-level central composite design (CCD) was proposed. RSM results indicated that the liquid to solid ratio had an evident effect on all responses, while the ultrasonic powder had no significant influence on them. The measured parameters obtained under the optimal conditions were consistent with the predicted results. The analysis of variance results revealed that TFC and antioxidant activities reached the optimal values under ultrasonic power of 188 W, liquid to solid ratio (L/S) of 40:1, and ethanol concentration of 52%. Moreover, it was verified via a comparative study that the extract extracted by optimized ultrasonic extraction (OUAE) exhibited higher TFC and antioxidant activities than that extracted by stirring-assisted extraction (SAE), soxhlet-assisted extraction (SOAE) or microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The results showed that compared with the extracts obtained by using other extraction methods, OUE extracts included eight flavonoid compounds with the high levels of d-(+)-catechin (10.92 mg/g MOLs DW), hyperoside (10.26 mg/g MOLs DW) and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (4.85 mg/g MOLs DW). In conclusion, UAE could effectively enhance the TFC and antioxidant activities of MOLs, which provides theoretical basis for upgrading the large-scale industrial and medicinal applications.

在这项工作中，超声辅助提取（UAE）在同时提高印度辣木总黄酮含量（TFC）和抗氧化活性方面的性能通过使用响应面方法（RSM）分析了L. L.（MOLs）。基于单因素实验的结果，提出了一种三因素五级中央复合设计方案。RSM结果表明液固比对所有响应都有明显的影响，而超声粉末对它们没有显着影响。在最佳条件下获得的测量参数与预测结果一致。方差分析结果显示，在188 W的超声波功率，40：1的液/固比（L / S）和52％的乙醇浓度下，TFC和抗氧化剂活性达到最佳值。此外，通过一项比较研究证实，优化超声提取（OUAE）提取的提取物比搅拌辅助提取（SAE），索氏提取（SOAE）或微波辅助提取（MAE）提取的提取物具有更高的TFC和抗氧化活性。 ）。结果表明，与通过其他提取方法获得的提取物相比，OUE提取物包含八种高含量的类黄酮化合物。d -（+）-儿茶素（10.92 mg / g MOLs DW），高丝皂苷（10.26 mg / g MOLs DW）和kaempferol-3- O-芸香苷（4.85 mg / g MOLs DW）。综上所述，阿联酋可以有效提高MOLs的TFC和抗氧化活性，这为升级大规模工业和医学应用提供了理论基础。