The Villafranchian fossil record of Perissodactyla is of a great interest because the appearance of the genus Equus and disappearance of the genus Tapirus mark important faunal turnovers. Here, we provide new data on Italian Villafranchian Tapiridae, Rhinocerotidae, and Equidae with updates from the last comprehensive review; most relevant are those of the Rhinocerotidae and Equidae. At present only two Villafranchian rhinoceros’ species are documented in Italy: Stephanorhinus jeanvireti and Stephanorhinus etruscus. The two species can be distinguished by several morphological features and by the dimensions of their bones. Stephanorhinus etruscus occurred throughout the Villafranchian; despite the numerous records, its remains are not enough to investigate morphometric trends. The Equidae include seven species including new occurrences of Hipparionine horses and of the genus Equus. The statistical analyses performed on the Equus species show two different evolutionary trends, namely the stenonine lineage “Equus livenzovensis - Equus stenonis” and the small-to-medium-sized lineage “Equus senenzensis - Equus stehlini”, suggesting a different evolution of these species. Moreover, the analyses show close relationships between the Italian Equus stenonis samples and three European Equus stenonis subspecies (E. stenonis vireti, E. stenonis guthi, and E. stenonis pueblensis). We begin to reconsider the validity of E. stenonis subspecies identification in order to provide new perspectives on the taxonomy of this species.

维拉弗兰奇人的化石记录引起了极大的兴趣，因为马属的出现和塔皮鲁斯属的消失标志着重要的动物更新。在这里，我们提供了有关意大利Villafranchian Tap科，犀牛科和马科的新数据，并提供了上次全面审核的更新；最相关的是犀牛科和马科。目前，意大利只记录了两种Villafranchian犀牛的物种：Stephanorhinus jeanvireti和Stephanorhinus etruscus。可以通过几种形态特征和它们的骨骼尺寸来区分这两个物种。千金藤发生在整个Villafranchian；尽管有许多记录，但它的残骸还不足以研究形态计量趋势。马科包括7种物种，其中包括新出现的Hipparionine马和Equus属。已进行的统计分析雅科仕物种的研究表明两个不同的进化趋势，即stenonine血统“雅科仕livenzovensis -雅科仕stenonis ”和小到中等规模的谱系“雅科仕senenzensis -雅科仕stehlini ”，暗示这些物种的不同进化。此外，分析表明，意大利马属野马样本和三个欧洲马属样本之间存在密切关系马属亚种（E. stenonis vireti，E. stenonis guthi，和E. stenonis pueblensis）。我们开始重新考虑E. stenonis亚种鉴定的有效性，以便对该物种的分类学提供新的观点。