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How to trigger and keep stable directional Space–Number Associations (SNAs)
Cortex ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.020
Mario Pinto 1 , Michele Pellegrino 2 , Fabio Marson 3 , Stefano Lasaponara 4 , Vincenzo Cestari 5 , Marianna D'Onofrio 5 , Fabrizio Doricchi 2
Affiliation  

Humans are prone to mentally organise the ascending series of integers according to reading habits so that in western cultures small numbers are positioned to the left of larger ones on a mental number line. Despite 140 years since seminal observations by Sir Francis Galton (Galton, 1880a, b), the functional mechanisms that give rise to directional Space–Number Associations (SNAs) remain elusive. Here, we contrasted three different experimental conditions, each including a different version of a Go/No-Go task with intermixed numerical and arrow-targets (Shaki and Fischer, 2018; Pinto et al., 2019a). We show that directional SNAs are not “all or none” phenomena. We demonstrate that SNAs get progressively less noisy and more stable the more contrasting small/large magnitude-codes and contrasting left/right spatial-codes are explicitly and fully combined in the task set. The analyses of the time–course of space-number congruency effects showed that both the absence and presence of the SNA were independent of the speed of reaction times. In agreement with our original proposal (Aiello et al., 2012), these findings show that conceptualising the ascending series of integers in spatial terms depends on the use of spatial codes in the numerical task at hand rather than on the presence of an inherent spatial dimension in the semantic representation of numbers. This evidence suggests that directional SNAs, like the SNARC effect, are secondary to the primary transfer of spatial response codes to number stimuli, rather than deriving from a primary congruency or incongruence between independent spatial-response and spatial-number codes.



中文翻译:

如何触发和保持稳定的方向性空间-数字关联(SNA)

人类倾向于根据阅读习惯在心理上组织升序的整数序列,因此在西方文化中,小数字在心理数字线上位于大数字的左侧。尽管自弗朗西斯·加尔顿爵士(Galton,1880a,b)进行开创性观测以来已有140年,但引起定向空间数关联(SNA)的功能机制仍然难以捉摸。在这里,我们对比了三种不同的实验条件,每种条件都包括不同版本的Go / No-Go任务,其中混合了数字和箭头目标(Shaki和Fischer,2018年; Pinto等人,2019a)。我们表明,定向SNA并非“全有或全无”现象。我们证明,在任务集中显式且充分地组合了对比度更大的小/大幅度代码和对比度大的左/右空间代码时,SNA的噪声逐渐减小,并且更加稳定。对空间数一致效应的时程分析表明,SNA的存在与否均与反应时间的速度无关。与我们的原始建议(Aiello等人,2012)一致,这些发现表明,将空间术语中的升序序列概念化取决于手头数字任务中空间代码的使用,而不是固有空间的存在。数字语义表示中的维度。该证据表明,定向的SNA(如SNARC效应)在空间响应代码向数字刺激的主要传递中是次要的,

更新日期:2020-12-09
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