Abstract

This paper summarizes data on subfossil insects from the Holocene sites of the Urals, the Cis-Ural region, and the central and northern parts of West Siberia. The material from 39 sites, mostly alluvial ones, and also the insect remains from peat bogs and zoogenic deposits is considered. The insect communities from most alluvial sites correspond to the recent faunas from the same territories. The dynamics of insect faunas, probably associated with changes in landscape and climatic conditions, can be observed only at the boundaries of the recent natural zones, such as the tundra and taiga ones. The range limits of some boreal species seem to have moved northwards during the Holocene climatic optimum. No changes in insect faunas from the sites of alluvial and swamp genesis situated within the taiga zone have been observed, these insect assemblages being identical to the recent faunas of the corresponding areas. Changes in the insect faunas in particular sections can largely be attributed to ecological successions and local habitat dynamics. No changes in plant communities caused by the Holocene climatic fluctuations and revealed by the spore and pollen data are reflected in the composition of insect complexes; this was demonstrated by the example of two peat bogs: Lake Perevalnoe site in the Polar Urals and Nyulsaveito site in the South Yamal. The data presented herein generally correspond to those obtained over the territories of Western and Eastern Europe as well as Northeast Siberia. However, changes in distribution of certain beetle species recorded at zoogenic sites (in bird pellets, burrows) may be linked to the Holocene climatic fluctuations.

中文翻译：

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乌拉尔和西西伯利亚中部和北部的全新世昆虫

摘要

本文总结了来自乌拉尔，正西乌拉尔地区以及西西伯利亚中部和北部的全新世遗址的化石昆虫数据。考虑了来自39个地点的材料，主要是冲积物，还有泥炭沼泽和动物源性沉积物中的昆虫残留。来自大多数冲积地点的昆虫群落对应于同一地区的最新动物区系。昆虫动物的动态，可能与景观和气候条件的变化有关，只能在最近的自然带（如苔原和针叶林）的边界观察到。在全新世气候最佳时期，某些北方物种的范围极限似乎向北移动。尚未观察到位于针叶林带内的冲积和沼泽成因地点的昆虫动物区系变化，这些昆虫组合与相应地区的最新动物区系相同。特定区域的昆虫区系变化主要归因于生态演替和当地生境动态。昆虫复合物的组成没有反映出由全新世气候波动引起的植物群落变化以及孢子和花粉数据所揭示的变化。两个泥炭沼泽的例子就证明了这一点：极地乌拉尔山脉的Perevalnoe湖遗址和南亚马尔的Nyulsaveito遗址。本文提供的数据通常对应于在西欧和东欧以及西伯利亚东北地区获得的数据。但是，在动物源点（鸟类颗粒，洞穴）记录的某些甲虫物种分布的变化可能与全新世的气候波动有关。