To combat the problem of residual film pollution and ensure the sustainable development of agriculture in oasis areas, a field experiment was carried out in 2019 at the Wuyi Farm Corps Irrigation Center Test Station in Urumqi, Northwest China. Four types of biodegradable mulches, traditional plastic mulchs and a control group (bare land; referred to as CK) were compared, including a total of six different treatments. Effects of mulching on soil water and heat conditions as well as the yield and quality of processing tomatoes under drip irrigation were examined. In addition, a comparative analysis of economic benefits of biodegradable mulches was performed. Principal component analysis and gray correlation analysis were used to evaluate suitable mulching varieties for planting processing tomatoes under drip irrigation. Our results show that, compared with CK, biodegradable mulches and traditional plastic mulch have a similar effect on retaining soil moisture at the seedling stage but significantly increase soil moisture by 0.5%–1.5% and 1.5%–3.0% in the middle and late growth periods (P<0.050), respectively. The difference in the thermal insulation effect between biodegradable mulch and plastic mulch gradually reduces as the crop grows. Compared with plastic mulch, the average soil temperature at 5–20 cm depth under biodegradable mulches is significantly lowered by 2.04°C–3.52°C and 0.52°C–0.88°C (P<0.050) at the seedling stage and the full growth period, respectively, and the water use efficiency, average fruit yield, and production-investment ratio under biodegradable mulches were reduced by 0.89%–6.63%, 3.39%–8.69%, and 0.51%–6.33% (P<0.050), respectively. The comprehensive evaluation analysis suggests that the black oxidized biological double-degradation ecological mulch made from eco-benign plastic is the optimal film type under the study condition. Therefore, from the perspective of sustainable development, biodegradable mulch is a competitive alternative to plastic mulch for large-scale tomato production under drip irrigation in the oasis.

中文翻译：

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生物降解地膜对滴灌加工番茄土壤水热条件、产量和品质的影响

为解决残膜污染问题，保障绿洲地区农业可持续发展，2019年在乌鲁木齐武夷农兵灌溉中心试验站开展田间试验。对四种类型的可生物降解地膜、传统塑料地膜和对照组（裸地；简称 CK）进行了比较，总共包括六种不同的处理。研究了覆盖对土壤水热条件以及滴灌下加工番茄的产量和质量的影响。此外，还对可生物降解地膜的经济效益进行了比较分析。采用主成分分析和灰色关联分析对滴灌下种植加工番茄的适宜覆盖品种进行评价。我们的结果表明，与CK相比，生物降解地膜和传统地膜在苗期保水作用相似，但在生育中期和后期显着增加土壤水分0.5%~1.5%和1.5%~3.0%（P<0.050 ）， 分别。可生物降解地膜和塑料地膜在保温效果上的差异随着作物的生长而逐渐减小。与地膜相比，可生物降解地膜下5~20 cm深度平均土壤温度在苗期和全生育期显着降低2.04℃~3.52℃和0.52℃~0.88℃（P<0.050）可降解覆盖物下的水分利用效率、平均果实产量和产投比分别降低0.89%~6.63%、3.39%~8.69%和0.51%~6.33%（P<0.050） . 综合评价分析表明，由生态良性塑料制成的黑色氧化生物双降解生态地膜是研究条件下的最佳薄膜类型。因此，从可持续发展的角度来看，可生物降解地膜是绿洲滴灌下大规模番茄生产的具有竞争力的替代地膜。