The number of elderly is increasing in recent years. According to the United Nations (UN), in 2050 there will be 2.1 billion people above 60 years of age worldwide. In addition, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that more than 1 billion people live with some form of disability, the leading causes of which are chronic diseases and accidents. Thus, many opportunities for the application of smart environments to support ubiquitous healthcare are emerging, the benefits of which may be reflected in reduced medical costs and increased convenience of patients and families. This systematic mapping study aims to identify how smart environments have been applied to support ubiquitous healthcare, what techniques and technologies are being used, and what research gaps are still left unexplored. Eight scientific repositories were used to search for papers in the area of ubiquitous healthcare, and a filtering process was used to remove bias. Of an initial sample of 1706 studies, 49 were reviewed entirely, analyzed, and categorized. Among these, we highlight those oriented to monitoring, detection, notification, and action on situations that may cause illnesses or promote the improvement of people’s health and wellness. Technologies to support ubiquitous healthcare were categorized into three groups: ambient sensors, wearables, and social robotics. These technologies have been applied most frequently to support the elderly and disabled. The diseases most commonly cited were dementia, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, autism, obesity, mental stress, sleep disorders, asthma, epilepsy and chronic diseases. We found only three papers that used prediction models. Finally, we observed a trend of using social robotics to improve the intelligence of ambient, aggregating mobility, and acting.

中文翻译：

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智能环境中无处不在的医疗保健：系统的制图研究

近年来，老年人的数量正在增加。根据联合国的资料，到2050年，全球60岁以上的人口将达到21亿。此外，世界卫生组织（世卫组织）报告说，超过10亿人患有某种形式的残疾，其主要病因是慢性疾病和事故。因此，正在出现许多应用智能环境来支持普遍存在的医疗保健的机会，其好处可能体现在医疗成本的降低以及患者和家庭的便利性的提高上。这项系统的制图研究旨在确定如何将智能环境应用于支持普遍存在的医疗保健，正在使用的技术和技术以及尚待探索的研究差距。八个科学存储库被用来在普遍存在的医疗保健领域中搜索论文，并且过滤过程被用来消除偏见。在1706项研究的初始样本中，有49项经过了全面审查，分析和分类。其中，我们重点介绍了针对可能引起疾病或促进人们健康状况改善的状况进行监视，检测，通知和采取措施的措施。支持无处不在的医疗保健的技术分为三类：环境传感器，可穿戴设备和社交机器人。这些技术最常被应用来支持老年人和残疾人。最常提及的疾病是痴呆，糖尿病，阿尔茨海默氏症，自闭症，肥胖症，精神压力，睡眠障碍，哮喘，癫痫病和慢性病。我们仅发现了三篇使用预测模型的论文。最后，我们观察到了使用社交机器人来改善周围环境的智能，聚集移动性和行动的趋势。