Verification of quantum circuits is essential for guaranteeing correctness of quantum algorithms and/or quantum descriptions across various levels of abstraction. In this work, we show that there are promising ways to check the correctness of quantum circuits using simulative verification and random stimuli. To this end, we investigate how to properly generate stimuli for efficiently checking the correctness of a quantum circuit. More precisely, we introduce, illustrate, and analyze three schemes for quantum stimuli generation---offering a trade-off between the error detection rate (as well as the required number of stimuli) and efficiency. In contrast to the verification in the classical realm, we show (both, theoretically and empirically) that even if only a few randomly-chosen stimuli (generated from the proposed schemes) are considered, high error detection rates can be achieved for quantum circuits. The results of these conceptual and theoretical considerations have also been empirically confirmed---with a grand total of approximately $10^6$ simulations conducted across 50 000 benchmark instances.

中文翻译：

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用于验证量子电路的随机刺激生成

量子电路的验证对于保证跨各种抽象级别的量子算法和/或量子描述的正确性至关重要。在这项工作中，我们展示了使用模拟验证和随机刺激来检查量子电路正确性的有希望的方法。为此，我们研究如何正确生成刺激以有效检查量子电路的正确性。更准确地说，我们介绍、说明和分析了三种量子刺激生成方案——在错误检测率（以及所需的刺激数量）和效率之间进行权衡。与经典领域的验证相反，我们（从理论上和经验上）表明，即使只考虑少数随机选择的刺激（从提议的方案中生成），量子电路可以实现高错误检测率。这些概念和理论考虑的结果也得到了经验的证实——在 50 000 个基准实​​例中进行了总计大约 10 美元 6 美元的模拟。