Abstract Various responses of plant growth attributes to the combined application of biochar and mineral fertilizers were reported according to trial conditions. Thus we studied the effects of biochar combined with nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers on crop growth and yield and NUE of maize crop under alkali clay soil. Field trial during two successive seasons (2018 and 2019) was conducted to investigate the possibility of biochar addition (0, 6 and 12 Mg ha−1), as well as, P (0 and 37 kg P2O5 ha−1) and N (95, 190 and 285 kg N ha−1) fertilizations on maize and some nitrogen use efficiencies attributes. The results revealed that, biochar addition at 6 or 12 Mg ha−1 resulted in a significant reduction in plant height, stem diameter and ear length compared with the control treatment. In contrast, biochar applied recorded significant increase in both leaves area per plant, grain yield and yield attributes, as well as, grain protein content, NUE, grain-NUtE, as well as, total-NUpE compared by control treatment. Applying 190 kg N ha−1 caused significant increase in each of growth and grain yield attributes, as well as, grain-NUtE. Biochar addition by 6 or 12 Mg ha−1 combined with P (37 kg P2O5 ha−1) and N (190 or 285 kg N ha−1) application had the greater effect on increasing stem diameter, ear length, almost yield attributes, NUE, as well as, grain-NUtE. However, NUE and total-NUpE showed negative response to biochar added with N fertilizer.

中文翻译：

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碱土下使用生物炭、磷、氮肥提高玉米产量和氮肥利用率的效果

摘要 根据试验条件，报道了植物生长属性对生物炭与矿物肥料复合施用的各种响应。因此，我们研究了生物炭配施氮磷肥对碱性粘土下玉米作物生长、产量和NUE 的影响。在连续两个季节（2018 年和 2019 年）进行田间试验以研究添加生物炭（0、6 和 12 Mg ha−1）以及 P（0 和 37 kg P2O5 ha−1）和 N（ 95、190 和 285 kg N ha-1) 玉米施肥和一些氮利用效率属性。结果表明，与对照处理相比，添加 6 或 12 Mg ha-1 的生物炭导致株高、茎粗和穗长显着降低。相比之下，与对照处理相比，施用 biochar 记录了每株叶子面积、谷物产量和产量属性以及谷物蛋白质含量、NUE、谷物-NUtE 以及总 NUpE 的显着增加。施用 190 kg N ha-1 会显着增加每个生长和谷物产量属性，以及谷物-NUtE。生物炭添加 6 或 12 Mg ha-1 结合 P（37 kg P2O5 ha-1）和 N（190 或 285 kg N ha-1）对增加茎直径、穗长、几乎产量属性的影响更大， NUE，以及grain-NUtE。然而，NUE 和总 NUpE 对添加氮肥的生物炭表现出负面反应。施用 190 kg N ha-1 会显着增加每个生长和谷物产量属性，以及谷物-NUtE。生物炭添加 6 或 12 Mg ha-1 结合 P（37 kg P2O5 ha-1）和 N（190 或 285 kg N ha-1）对增加茎直径、穗长、几乎产量属性的影响更大， NUE，以及grain-NUtE。然而，NUE 和总 NUpE 对添加氮肥的生物炭表现出负面反应。施用 190 kg N ha-1 会显着增加每个生长和谷物产量属性，以及谷物-NUtE。生物炭添加 6 或 12 Mg ha-1 结合 P（37 kg P2O5 ha-1）和 N（190 或 285 kg N ha-1）对增加茎直径、穗长、几乎产量属性的影响更大， NUE，以及grain-NUtE。然而，NUE 和总 NUpE 对添加氮肥的生物炭表现出负面反应。